主要是国内精算刚起步,还没有一个完善的系统,更需要有经验的精算师. Actuary has 5 fields: Property & Casualty, life, health, pension and investment. They need to pass different tests after some basic exams to achieve Fellowship. China probably only need P&C and Life actuaries. 美国还有很多的actuarial consulting firms which hire a lot of actuarial students, even the accounting firms hire actuaries as well for auditing. I am a pension actuary, it took me 8 years to pass all the exams including extra 2 for pension.