户口

打印 被阅读次数

 

上星期,美国最高法院判定加州政府违反宪法,

歧视外州移入的穷人。在加州的穷人每月能领取

600多美元的救济,而从路易斯安那新移入的穷

人只能有200元的救济金。最高法院说加州的规

定侵犯了公民的基本权利----居住自由。

 

前些天,北京报导中国政府招收公务员,应征者

必须有北京户口。

 

“户口”也可以说是中国社会主义特色。虽然古

来就有户籍,但是老百性还是一直有迁居自由。

碰到“苛政猛于虎”,大家就跑了。除了流放,

充军,十年八年不许还乡。那年头城乡也没有多

大区别,退休的大官不是都要“告老还乡”么。

据说解放初的宪法里还有迁居自由这一条。

 

户口把人分为“城里人”和“乡下人”,另一种

形式的生下来就定性了的贵族和贱民。把城乡差

别提到了历史上从未有的高度,无论是经济上,

政治上,教育上。在大城市,特别是北京和上海,

谈婚论嫁之前,家长最关心的就是:“他是哪里

人啊?”不知拆散了多少好鸳鸯。

 

认识一些农村的朋友,户口给他们造成的压力,

远超出了我们的想象。而户口制度把农民拴死在

土地上造成的愚昧和贫困,更令人心惊。曾和一

个小山村的放牛娃聊天,他的理想是要“当皇

帝”。还说:“我要是当了皇帝,一天吃三顿

炸油饼儿。”

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