Monkey Meat at Center of NYC Court Case By TOM HAYS, Associated Press Writer Sat Nov 24, 3:17 PM ET
猴肉, 纽约市法院案例的焦点
美联社作家 汤姆。海斯 文 宋德利 译
NEW YORK — From her baptism in Liberia to Christmas years later in her adopted New York City, Mamie Manneh never lost the longing to celebrate religious rituals by eating monkey meat.
Now, the tribal customs of Manneh and other West African immigrants have become the focus of an unusual criminal case charging her with meat smuggling, and touching on issues of religious freedom, infectious diseases and wildlife preservation.
The case "appears to be the first of its kind relating to that uniquely African product," defense attorney Jan Rostal wrote in a pending motion to dismiss. "Unfortunately, it represents the sort of clash of cultural and religious values inherent in the melting pot that is America.
They were addressed to Manneh and, according to a flight manifest, contained African dresses and smoked fish with a value of $780.
它们(纸箱)都是寄给曼妮赫的,根据一份飞行舱单,纸箱里装有非洲服装和熏鱼,价值为780 美元。
Instead, stashed underneath the smoked fish, the inspectors found what West Africans refer to as bushmeat: "skulls, limbs and torsos of non-human primate species" plus the hoof and leg of a small antelope, according to court papers.
Three days later, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service agents were at Manneh's door, where she told them she ran a smoked fish importing business.
三天后,美国鱼类和野生动物服务代理商在找上了曼妮赫的家门,她告诉他们,她经营一项熏鱼进口业务。
According to the agents, she initially denied ordering any bushmeat from Africa or ever eating it while in the United States.
据该代理商说,她最初否认在美国期间从非洲定购过,或者吃过任何丛林野生动物肉。
But after she consented to a search, the agents came across a tiny, hairy arm hidden in her garage.
但经过她同意进行搜查之后,代理商就发现有一只毛茸茸的小手臂藏在她的车库里。
"Monkey," she explained, claiming the arm was sent to her out of the blue "as a gift from God in heaven."
“猴,”,她这样解释,并声称这只手臂是天上的上帝作为礼物突然送给她的。
Federal prosecutors hit Manneh with smuggling charges that accused her of violating import procedures and suggested she was a menace to man and beast alike.
联邦检察官击中以走私罪名起诉曼妮赫,指控她违反进口程序,并暗示他对人和兽类同样是一种威胁。
A criminal complaint cited evidence that the illegal importation of bushmeat encourages the slaughter of protected wild animals.
一项刑事申诉举出证据证明非法进口丛林野生动物肉会鼓励屠宰受保护的野生动物。
More ominously, the complaint warned of "the potential health risks to humans linking bushmeat to diseases like Lassa fever, Ebola, HIV, SARS and monkeypox.
Defense attorney Rostal has countered by accusing the government of picking on a poorly educated immigrant.
辩护律师罗斯特尔予以反驳,指责政府对低学历移民鸡蛋里挑骨头。
Her client's only offense, she said, was her inability to grasp Western attitudes and highly technical regulations regarding bushmeat.
她说,她的当事人唯一的还击就是对西方国家对待丛林野生动物肉的态度和高技术性法规还吃不透。
Defense papers also argue that the U.S. demand for the meat involved in the Manneh case — from Africa's green monkey population — is "too small to have any significance for conservation."
Manneh, 39, testified last year that before arriving in the United States more than 25 years ago, monkey meat was critical to her religious upbringing.
39 岁的曼妮赫,去年作证说,25年前来到美国之前,猴肉对于她宗教信仰的形成至关重要。
At age 7, "I was baptized and they used that for the baptizing ceremony," she told a judge.
“我7岁那年洗礼,他们就用那个(猴肉)举行洗礼仪式,” 她告诉法官。
Manneh is already serving a two-year sentence in state prison for trying to run over a woman she suspected of sleeping with her husband, Zanger Jefferson. If convicted of the federal charges she faces up to five more years in prison and deportation.
"The government's taking a woman away from her children," complained Jefferson, who's struggling to raise the children alone. "It's very depressing, especially with the holidays right around the corner."
The prosecution also has dampened spirits at the church in Staten Island where Manneh and other African immigrants once packed the pews to practice a religion blending Christianity and tribal customs.
The statement was vague about how the meat is obtained, but explains that it always arrives dried and smoked. Once blessed by a pastor, "we usually prepare it by cooking it for several hours into a stew," they said.