汤旺河


  水系 黑龙江 
  流经省份 黑龙江 
  生态特征 汤旺河浮游植物生物量及组成(毫克/升):浮植物总计2.54, 硅藻77.2%, 绿藻7.1%, 蓝藻1.1%, 甲藻14.6%。
  它是松花江下游的一条主要支流,被誉为松花江干流的北岸第一河。元称“桃温水”,明称“屯河”、“托温江”,清代后期称“吞河”、“汤旺河”。“汤旺”,满语,一说意为“春光”或“晨光”;一说“岛子”之意。汤旺河发源于小兴安岭伊春市杨树场,流经伊春和佳木斯两市。两流汇合由北向南流经伊春、铁力、汤原3个市县,于汤原县城西南约5公里处注入松花江。河流全长509公里,流域面积21245平方公里。地表水资源总量为55.2亿m3,占全流域水资源总量的80%。汤汪河干流纵贯伊春市南北,在境内长达402公里,属山溪性河流,流域内峰峦叠嶂,沟谷密布,河网呈树枝状,流域形状近似梨叶。干流大部分穿行于狭谷之间,水流湍急,河流弯曲,河床多浅石滩,不易行舟。汤旺河共汇集大小支流、沟、溪611条,其中:较大的支流除东、西汤旺河外,从上游到下游有清河、头清河、援朝河、抗美河、红旗河、向阳河、丽林河、丰林河、五营河、长青河、友好河、双子河、伊春河、梅花河、大西林河、五道库河、小西林河、大昆仑河、小昆仑河、大丰河、小柳树河、大柳树河、西南岔河、朱拉比拉河、小亮子河、亮子河、京京河、浩良河等30余条。流域是小兴安岭林区,盛产红松、云杉、冷杉、白桦等木材,是我国重要木材产地,素有“红松故乡”之称。其上游建有我国著名的丰林原始森林自然保护区。古迹有位于汤旺河口附近始于辽代的固木纳古城遗址。
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