索引：1) Eligibility; 2) N-470; 3) Checklist; 4) Service Center
在拿到美国绿卡之后，还必须等个三、五年才能申请公民。申请公民的条件，还有在美居留累积达 18 个月或 30 个月。在此期间，如果你在外停留超过 6 个月，你就打破了 Continuous Residence 的条件。那就是说，停留超过 6 个月之前的在美国境内居留累积的时间，将有可能置零，除非你有站得住的理由。
如果你在外停留超过了一年，此前积累的在美国境内居留的所有时间，就一定是被置零了，不管你是否事先申请了 Reentry Permit (RP). RP 的作用只是保证你在外一年之后，仍旧能以绿卡的身份返美。
在这种情形下，想要保留之前的在美国境内居留的积累时间，你可以求助于 N-470 表格，如果你有资格的话。
首先，你必须确定，你长期在外，是为了美国的利益。比如你是替政府工作，科研机构干研究，或者开展对外贸易，等等。其次，你必须此前已经在美国，以绿卡身份，不间断地，呆够了一年。
最后提醒的是，N-470 的作用是保留之前的积累时间，不被 Continuous Residence 置零。如果你在境外停留超过一年，你还需要单独申请 Reentry Permit. 这两者不可相互替代。
当你是拖家带口时，你的所有的家庭成员可以随同你一起游历海外，而不需各自申请来保留之前的积累时间。他们也不受上面的资格要求，唯一的要求是，是你的依附人，并且列在你的 N-470 表格上。
他们是否需要申请 RP，那是另外考虑的事儿。
在你确定是要填写 N-470 表格的时候，我们开始往下走。
N-470, Application to Preserve Residence for Naturalization Purposes 的当前版本是 (Rev. 01/31/11) Y.
表格下载 http://www.uscis.gov/files/form/n-470.pdf
表格说明下载 http://www.uscis.gov/files/form/n-470instr.pdf
Part 1. Information about you. - 个人情况
Family Name - 姓
Given Name - 名
Middle Name - N/A
A Number - A号
U.S. Social Security Number - 社安号
Home Address - 住址
Street Number and Name
Apt. #
City
State/Province
Zip/Postal Code
Country
Mailing Address - 邮址
Street Number and Name
Apt. #
C/O (in care of): - 参见“移民局填表 ABC”
City
State/Province
Zip/Postal Code
Country
Daytime Phone # (Area/Country Code)
Date of Birth (mm/dd/yyyy)
Country of Birth
Country of Citizenship
Part 2. Reason for Request. - 申请理由
My absence from the United States is:
通常情况多是选 C.
A. On behalf of the U.S. Government. - 政府
B. For the purpose of carrying on scientific research on behalf of an American institution of research. - 科研
C. For the purpose of engaging in the development of foreign trade and commerce of the United States on behalf of an American firm or corporation or a subsidiary thereof. - 商贸
D. Necessary for the protection of property rights outside the United States of an American firm or corporation engaged in the development of foreign trade and commerce of the United States. - 商贸中护财
E. On behalf of a public international organization of which the United States is a member. - 国际组织
F. Solely because of my capacity as a clergyman or clergywoman, missionary, brother, nun or sister of a denomination or mission having a bona fide organization in the United States. - 宗教
Part 3. Additional information. - 附加信息
1. Give the date that you obtained lawful permanent resident status.(mm/dd/yyyy)
获得绿卡日期，如果是移民签证入境，入境日期在护照上；境内调整身份，见I-485批件日期。
2. Since lawful entry as a permanent resident, have you resided in and been physically present in the United States for an uninterrupted period of at least 1 year?
获得绿卡身份后，有否在美国居留超过一整年？
3. List all you absences from the United States since your admission as a lawful permanent resident. Begin with your most recent trip.
由近及远列出获得绿卡身份后，所有的出入境
Date of Departure (mm/dd/yyyy)
Date of Return (mm/dd/yyyy)
Port of Entry Into the United States
Purpose of Trip
4. Explain the position of employment that requires your absence from the United States and the intended length of employment.
解释为何你的职位需要你在境外
5. Is the name you provided in Part 1 different from the name that appears on your Form I-551, Permanent Resident Card?
你在本表填的姓名是否与你的绿卡上的姓名有异？
If "Yes," note the information that is different. You must provide evidence showing the legal basis for the difference.
答“是”的话，列明原名并提交更名的文书。
6. Since becoming a lawful permanent resident, have you ever filed an income tax return as a nonresident or otherwise claimed or received benefits as a nonresident alien under U.S. federal, state or local income tax laws?
获得绿卡身份后，有否以非居民身份报过税（填 1040-NR）？
7. Are other family members who are lawful permanent residents intending to reside outside the United States with you?
是否有同为绿卡身份的家庭成员陪同你在外？
Give the following information about other family members who will reside outside the United States with you.
列出这些家庭成员（1. 绿卡身份；2. 陪同你在外）的相关信息
Name (Last/First/Middle)
Date of Birth (mm/dd/yyyy)
Name (Last/First/Middle) Relationship - 非配偶子女不算
A Number (if applicable)
Part 4. Signature.
Signature of Applicant - 申请人签名
Daytime Phone Number (with area code)
E-Mail Address (if any)
Date (mm/dd/yyyy)
Part 5. Signature of person preparing form, if other than above.
代填人签名
申请材料如下：
- N-470
- 申请费 $330
- 雇主信
- 绿卡正反面
- 更名文书（选）
- 获得绿卡之后用过的所有护照
值得多花时间的是雇主信。
对于企业来说，这封由主管发出的信需要介绍企业的基本情况，如所在地、成立时间，以及从事行业，另外还要说明申请人的职位、职责，以及需要驻外的理由。
当雇主是子公司时，雇主信由母公司提供。并指明所属关系，及股份比例。
寄到所属辖区的当地移民办公室，面交也行。通常是你居住地附近。
附 录
[1] USCIS Official N-470
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★ 推荐阅读 ★
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Last Rvsd 4/28/11
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