Richard Strauss in Life and Death





Richard Strauss in Life and Death
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x1o6D1pTJqc&feature=related

Richard Strauss 1936 Olympic Hymn
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xD5QxPXTN_4&feature=related


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Richard Strauss是德国浪漫派晚期的一位伟大的作曲家，同时又是交响诗及标题音乐领域中最大的作曲家。他于1864年生于慕尼黑，其父是宫廷乐队的圆号手，他最初严格地学习了海顿、莫扎特和贝多芬的古典音乐，但后来赞赏柏辽兹、李斯特和瓦格纳的新音乐，从而完全转向标题音乐。从他的作品目录中就可看出，除了他在年轻时写作的交响乐和室内乐等无标题音乐之外，大部都是作为标题音乐的交响诗和歌剧作品及其它声乐曲。1900年以前创作了大量交响诗。他的交响诗从内容上看分为哲理性交响诗和叙事性交响诗两类，前者以《死与净化》（Tod und Verklaerung）和根据尼采的著作写成的《查拉图斯特拉如是说》（Also sprach Zarathustra）最为有名，后者以《唐璜》（Don Juan）和《唐吉诃德》（Don Quixote）最为有名。1900年后他将主要的创作精力放在了歌剧上。1944年至1945年创作为23件独奏弦乐器的《变形》，据战后Richard Strauss说，是有感于德国各地的歌剧院遭到战争破坏，特别是在得知魏玛的歌德故居和德累斯顿国家歌剧院毁于战火（后者毁于德累斯顿轰炸）之后，精神一度错乱，事后回忆那段时间而获得灵感写作的。1947年至1948年写出最后的杰作，女高音和管弦乐的《最后四首歌》。

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