那是孙子说的五种火攻的方法,不是“五火之变”

 


你列的是孙子说的“火攻有五”,“五火之变”指的是这五种火攻的规律和如何运用,也就是“凡火攻,必因五火之变而应之”,比如说要看风向,还要看风持续性,其实是气象规律,比如“昼风久,夜风止是”,就是这一段:“火发于内,则早应之于外;火发兵静者,待而勿攻,极其火力,可从而从之,不可从则上。火可发于外,无待于内,以时发之,火发上风,无攻下风。昼风久,夜风止。”


我以为是说火攻的方法,跟水攻一样,水火无情,两千多年前的人对自然的力量比现代人更畏惧一些,特别是古人用的东西都是易燃品,还用火传递信息。


“兵器”还是比较具体滴,如刀枪剑戟等等,这里是《孙子兵法》【火攻第十二】的全文,除了“行火必有因,烟火必素具”,我实在是看不出哪里是“兵器”,实在是没提到兵器,连远距离点火用的火箭都没提,因为那实在是下级军官的事。


《孙子兵法》【火攻第十二】:“孙子曰:凡火攻有五:一曰火人,二曰火积,三曰火辎,四曰火库,五曰火队。行火必有因,烟火必素具。发火有时,起火有日。时者,天之燥也。日者,月在箕、壁、翼、轸也。凡此四宿者,风起之日也。凡火攻,必因五火之变而应之:火发于内,则早应之于外;火发兵静者,待而勿攻,极其火力,可从而从之,不可从则上。火可发于外,无待于内,以时发之,火发上风,无攻下风。昼风久,夜风止。凡军必知有五火之变,以数守之。故以火佐攻者明,以水佐攻者强。水可以绝,不可以夺。夫战胜攻取,而不修其功者凶,命曰“费留”。故曰:明主虑之,良将修之,非利不动,非得不用,非危不战。主不可以怒而兴师,将不可以愠而致战。合于利而动,不合于利而止。怒可以复喜,愠可以复悦,亡国不可以复存,死者不可以复生。故明君慎之,良将警之。此安国全军之道也。”


 


 


 


 


 

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