丢在外面的黑暗里
2013年10月2日(星期三)
杰克·凯利
Insight译
我最近已经收到了几封电子邮件,要求澄清“外面的黑暗”。它在新约中一共被提到4次,三个有名字,一个是暗示,总是由耶稣提出。这个词没有在任何别的地方使用,不管是旧约或新约,也没有被任何其他作者提起。那些提问的,都想知道,是否它是永恒惩罚的另一个名字,或者它是指不同的地方。他们想知道谁会去那里。
我在研究这个问题遇到的困难是,学者们都不能一致同意它是什么,它在哪里,是为什么人准备的。他们也不能肯定,它是真实的地点还或是一种状态。外面的黑暗,字面上是指“有没有光的外面” 。黑暗的希腊字可以用来比喻完全孤独的状态,即是不被知道的状态。还有一个意思是指属灵上的无知或失明。一段相伴的句子形容它为一个哭泣和咬牙切齿的地方,表示极度痛苦和绝望。不管你认为是什么,在外面黑暗里绝对不是一个好地方。
对于许多代人,它一直被简单地认为它只是地狱的另一个名字。但是,地狱,或者更准确地说阴间,并不是一个永久性的目的地。这是一个暂时的地方,千禧年结束后它最终会被扔进火湖(启20:14 )。对我来说,极终的绝望这个概念是具有永久性的。
因此,让我们再看看它的四个出处,看看我们是否可以回答一些挥之不去的关于“外面的黑暗”的疑问。
马太福音 8:12
“5 耶 稣 进 了 迦 百 农 , 有 一 个 百 夫 长 进 前 来 , 求 他 说 :
6 主 阿 , 我 的 仆 人 害 瘫 痪 病 , 躺 在 家 里 , 甚 是 疼 苦 。
7 耶 稣 说 : 我 去 医 治 他 。
8 百 夫 长 回 答 说 : 主 阿 , 你 到 我 舍 下 , 我 不 敢 当 ; 只 要 你 说 一 句 话 , 我 的 仆 人 就 必 好 了 。
9 因 为 我 在 人 的 权 下 , 也 有 兵 在 我 以 下 ; 对 这 个 说 : 去 ! 他 就 去 ; 对 那 个 说 : 来 ! 他 就 来 ; 对 我 的 仆 人 说 : 你 作 这 事 ! 他 就 去 作 。
10 耶 稣 听 见 就 希 奇 , 对 跟 从 的 人 说 : 我 实 在 告 诉 你 们 , 这 麽 大 的 信 心 , 就 是 在 以 色 列 中 , 我 也 没 有 遇 见 过 。
11 我 又 告 诉 你 们 , 从 东 从 西 , 将 有 许 多 人 来 , 在 天 国 里 与 亚 伯 拉 罕 、 以 撒 、 雅 各 一 同 坐 席 ;
12 惟 有 本 国 的 子 民 竟 被 赶 到 外 边 黑 暗 里 去 , 在 那 里 必 要 哀 哭 切 齿 了 。“(太8:5-12 )
在他第一次提到外面的黑暗时,耶稣说这些明显是真对以色列。他批评犹太人让一位外邦人的罗马士兵展示出比他们更强大的信心。他说,因为他们缺乏信仰,这导致全世界的人(外邦人)继承了王国,而本来王国是为犹太人准备的,却反而将被抛出到外面的黑暗里,在那里哭泣和咬牙切齿。
以色列当时(而且再次将会)是神在地球上的国度。主在马太福音21:43重复了对他们的警告,说,“所 以 我 告 诉 你 们 , 神 的 国 必 从 你 们 夺 去 , 赐 给 那 能 结 果 子 的 百 姓。” 很明显,主相信他们是王国的民,不然祂为什么会威胁他们要把它拿走呢?
因此,他在第一次提到外面的黑暗时,主警告犹太人,在世界的末日,像百夫长那样的外邦信徒将加入他们的先祖参加的婚宴,而他们自己因为没有认识弥赛亚而坐在外面的黑暗里。
马太福音22:13
1耶 稣 又 用 比 喻 对 他 们 说 :
2 天 国 好 比 一 个 王 为 他 儿 子 摆 设 娶 亲 的 筵 席 ,
3 就 打 发 仆 人 去 , 请 那 些 被 召 的 人 来 赴 席 , 他 们 却 不 肯 来 。
4 王 又 打 发 别 的 仆 人 , 说 : 你 们 告 诉 那 被 召 的 人 , 我 的 筵 席 已 经 预 备 好 了 , 牛 和 肥 畜 已 经 宰 了 , 各 样 都 齐 备 , 请 你 们 来 赴 席 。
5 那 些 人 不 理 就 走 了 ; 一 个 到 自 己 田 里 去 ; 一 个 作 买 卖 去 ;
6 其 馀 的 拿 住 仆 人 , 凌 辱 他 们 , 把 他 们 杀 了 。
7 王 就 大 怒 , 发 兵 除 灭 那 些 凶 手 , 烧 毁 他 们 的 城 。
8 於 是 对 仆 人 说 : 喜 筵 已 经 齐 备 , 只 是 所 召 的 人 不 配 。
9 所 以 你 们 要 往 岔 路 口 上 去 , 凡 遇 见 的 , 都 召 来 赴 席 。
10 那 些 仆 人 就 出 去 , 到 大 路 上 , 凡 遇 见 的 , 不 论 善 恶 都 召 聚 了 来 , 筵 席 上 就 坐 满 了 客 。
11 王 进 来 观 看 宾 客 , 见 那 里 有 一 个 没 有 穿 礼 服 的 ,
12 就 对 他 说 : 朋 友 , 你 到 这 里 来 怎 麽 不 穿 礼 服 呢 ? 那 人 无 言 可 答 。
13 於 是 王 对 使 唤 的 人 说 : 捆 起 他 的 手 脚 来 , 把 他 丢 在 外 边 的 黑 暗 里 ; 在 那 里 必 要 哀 哭 切 齿 了 。
14 因 为 被 召 的 人 多 , 选 上 的 人 少 。” (太22:1-14 )
这是婚宴的比喻,这里有三件事情要记住。首先,新娘在这个比喻从未被提及。其次,新娘不是客人,并永远不会被抛出她自己的婚礼。第三,宴会紧接着婚礼,因此根据上下文,婚宴开始时婚礼已经发生过了。
如果认为这个比喻是关于教会的,你必须从开始就相信,教会的一些人会成为基督的新娘,而有些人则不会。但圣经甚至从来没有一点点这方面的暗示。这是一个没有任何圣经依据的人为结论。如果我们得救,我们就在教会里;如果我们在教会里,我们就是基督的新妇。
在比喻里,一切都是其他东西的象征性代表,圣经”总是解释他们代表什么。以赛亚书61:10解释说,婚礼的衣服代表义; 我 因 耶 和 华 大 大 欢 喜 ; 我 的 心 靠 神 快 乐 。 因 他 以 拯 救 为 衣 给 我 穿 上 , 以 公 义 为 袍 给 我 披 上 , 好 像 新 郎 戴 上 华 冠 , 又 像 新 妇 佩 戴 妆 饰 。
在这里我是这样理解它的。在启示录16:15里,第六个碗的审判刚刚结束,而教会早已离开地球,主说:“看 哪 , 我 来 像 贼 一 样 。 那 儆 醒 、 看 守衣 服 、 免 得 赤 身 而 行 、 叫 人 见 他 羞 耻 的 有 福 了 ! ”
他暗指这样一个事实:随着教会被提升离开地球,一旦得救永远得救的教义已经过期,这个事实耶稣在10个童女的比喻也教导了我们。大灾难里的信徒将因信得救,就像其他人一样,但将负责保证自己得救,或者就像约翰说的,保持穿好自己的衣服。启示录14:12说,他们通过遵守神的诫命,忠于耶稣来将做到这一点。
从宴会里赶出来那名男子是最后一分钟的客人。他代表不属于如何教会的大灾难的幸存者。他想获得那份只有被邀赴宴的客人才能得到的祝福,而婚宴正好在耶稣第二次来临时举行(启19:9 )。但他或者没有保持忠心而失去救赎,或者从来就没有得救。记住,仆人邀请了“好”和“坏”的人,但不清楚这名男子是否是原有结婚的衣服,但已经丢失了呢,还是从未有过结婚衣服。当他试图进入宴会时,他被发现并被赶出来。
因此这里第二引用该词,还是只适用于不信的大灾难的幸存者,他们因不信而不能称义,被流放到外面的黑暗里。
马太福音24:51
45 谁 是 忠 心 有 见 识 的 仆 人 , 为 主 人 所 派 , 管 理 家 里 的 人 , 按 时 分 粮 给 他 们 呢 ?46 主 人 来 到 , 看 见 他 这 样 行 , 那 仆 人 就 有 福 了 。47 我 实 在 告 诉 你 们 , 主 人 要 派 他 管 理 一 切 所 有 的 。
48 倘 若 那 恶 仆 心 里 说 : 我 的 主 人 必 来 得 迟 ,49 就 动 手 打 他 的 同 伴 , 又 和 酒 醉 的 人 一 同 吃 喝 。50 在 想 不 到 的 日 子 , 不 知 道 的 时 辰 , 那 仆 人 的 主 人 要 来 ,51 重 重 的 处 治 他 ( 或 作 : 把 他 腰 斩 了 ) , 定 他 和 假 冒 为 善 的 人 同 罪 ; 在 那 里 必 要 哀 哭 切 齿 了。(马太福音24:45-51)
仆人的比喻只暗示外面的黑暗,称它为伪君子的地方,在那里会有哭泣和咬牙切齿。由于这句话伴随着每一个所提及的“外面的黑暗”,我认为可以很有把握地把它包括在我们的研究里。这个比喻的时机最早开始于马太福音24:29-30,这使得后面涉及到的,那些在地球上的每一件事情,都跟耶稣的第二次降临相关。事实上,所有橄榄山讲论里的比喻,都是描述大灾难幸存者的命运。你可以通过查阅马太福音 24:36-37,25:1和 25:14,很容易地证实这一点。
这个比喻是针对那些在大灾难期间具有的精神领袖地位的人。在千禧王国里,神会将那些一直在患难和逼迫中坚守上帝话语,教导托付给他们的羊群正确教义的领导人,提升至有权力的位置。(请记住,没有大灾难的幸存者将会进入新耶路撒冷,但在主的千禧年统治期间,将住在地球上。 )
但离弃真理,邪恶的仆人将不再盼望主的回来,他们忽视周围那些明显的预言的应验,嘲笑那些靠孩子般的信念坚守等候的人。他们是最糟糕的敌人,因为他们会看起来和听起来像朋友一样。他们像约翰描述的,看起来现有权柄的羔羊,但讲的龙的话(启13:11) 。希腊文翻译过来的伪君子常被用来形容一个演员或伪装者,他表面看起来跟他的本质完全不一样。因此,我们第三次看到了外面的黑暗是留给不信者的地方。在这种情况下,他们是那些出卖了给他们的信任的人。
马太福音 25:30
主的最后一次提到外面的黑暗,出现在关于人才的比喻的结尾。
“14 天 国 又 好 比 一 个 人 要 往 外 国 去 , 就 叫 了 仆 人 来 , 把 他 的 家 业 交 给 他 们 ,15 按 着 各 人 的 才 干 给 他 们 银 子 : 一 个 给 了 五 千 , 一 个 给 了 二 千 , 一 个 给 了 一 千 , 就 往 外 国 去 了 。
16 那 领 五 千 的 随 即 拿 去 做 买 卖 , 另 外 赚 了 五 千 。
17 那 领 二 千 的 也 照 样 另 赚 了 二 千 。
18 但 那 领 一 千 的 去 掘 开 地 , 把 主 人 的 银 子 埋 藏 了 。
19 过 了 许 久 , 那 些 仆 人 的 主 人 来 了 , 和 他 们 算 账 。
20 那 领 五 千 银 子 的 又 带 着 那 另 外 的 五 千 来 , 说 : 主 阿 , 你 交 给 我 五 千 银 子 。 请 看 , 我 又 赚 了 五 千 。
21 主 人 说 : 好 , 你 这 又 良 善 又 忠 心 的 仆 人 , 你 在 不 多 的 事 上 有 忠 心 , 我 要 把 许 多 事 派 你 管 理 ; 可 以 进 来 享 受 你 主 人 的 快 乐 。
22 那 领 二 千 的 也 来 , 说 : 主 阿 , 你 交 给 我 二 千 银 子 。 请 看 , 我 又 赚 了 二 千 。
23 主 人 说 : 好 , 你 这 又 良 善 又 忠 心 的 仆 人 , 你 在 不 多 的 事 上 有 忠 心 , 我 要 把 许 多 事 派 你 管 理 ; 可 以 进 来 享 受 你 主 人 的 快 乐 。
24 那 领 一 千 的 也 来 , 说 : 主 阿 , 我 知 道 你 是 忍 心 的 人 , 没 有 种 的 地 方 要 收 割 , 没 有 散 的 地 方 要 聚 敛 ,
25 我 就 害 怕 , 去 把 你 的 一 千 银 子 埋 藏 在 地 里 。 请 看 , 你 的 原 银 子 在 这 里 。
26 主 人 回 答 说 : 你 这 又 恶 又 懒 的 仆 人 , 你 既 知 道 我 没 有 种 的 地 方 要 收 割 , 没 有 散 的 地 方 要 聚 敛,27 就 当 把 我 的 银 子 放 给 兑 换 银 钱 的 人 , 到 我 来 的 时 候 , 可 以 连 本 带 利 收 回 。
28 夺 过 他 这 一 千 来 , 给 那 有 一 万 的 。
29 因 为 凡 有 的 , 还 要 加 给 他 , 叫 他 有 馀 ; 没 有 的 , 连 他 所 有 的 也 要 夺 过 来 。
30 把 这 无 用 的 仆 人 丢 在 外 面 黑 暗 里 ; 在 那 里 必 要 哀 哭 切 齿 了 。” (太25:14-30 )
如需更完整的关于才干的比喻,请点击这里。这项研究的相关点是,跟橄榄树论道的其他比喻一样,这里的时机还是主的第二次再来,该审判还是在地球上,被没收了唯一的一千两银子的人,表现出完全缺乏对他的主人的了解和信心。他以为他的主人是个严厉的人,接受他不值得的功劳,他怕主人会不公平地对待他。没有信徒认为耶稣是这样的。对他的惩罚是被推到外面的黑暗中。
因此,在所有四种情况下,那些被审判的都是不信的人,对他们的处罚是,生活在完全孤独的状态,他们将在那里体验极端的痛苦和绝望。事实上,有没有在外面黑暗里,在圣经中其他地方扩大教学使我相信主发言的一个地方,我们已经很熟悉了,但描述的方式,可以帮助我们了解它是如何会觉得在那里。
记住,完全孤独,极端的痛苦和彻底绝望这些词,总是跟外面的黑暗一起。在那里就是完全与神以及其他人隔绝,及存在于完全孤独之中。字典定义极端的痛苦为难以忍受或剧烈的压抑,苦难或痛苦和绝望至万劫不复的境地。
朋友们,这是不信的后果。无论你称之为地狱,阴间,冥界,火湖,或在外面的黑暗,你甚至不希望你最糟糕的敌人,在那里度过甚至一个小时。 13年9月28日
The Outer Darkness
Insight译
A Bible Study by Jack Kelley
I’ve received several emails lately asking for clarification of the term “Outer Darkness.” It’s mentioned a total of 4 times in the New Testament, three by name and one by implication, and always by Jesus. The term is not used any where else, Old Testament or New, by any other writer. Those who ask want to know if it’s another name for the place of eternal punishment, or if it’s some place different. And they want to know who’s going there.
The problem I’ve had in researching this is there’s no general agreement among scholars as to what it is, where it is, or for whom it’s intended either. There’s also no agreement as to whether it’s a physical location or a state of being. The phrase outer darkness literally means, “outside, where there’s no light”. The Greek word for darkness can be used metaphorically to mean obscurity, which is the condition of being unknown. And there’s also a sense in which spiritual ignorance or blindness can apply. An accompanying phrase describes it as a place of weeping and gnashing of teeth, which denotes extreme anguish and utter despair. No matter what else you think about it, the Outer Darkness is definitely not a nice place to be.
For many generations it was simply thought to be another name for Hell. But Hell, or more accurately Hades, is not a permanent destination. It’s a temporary one that will be thrown into the Lake of Fire at the end of the Millennium (Rev. 20:14). To me, the concept of utter despair denotes permanence.
So let’s take another look at its four appearances to see if we can answer some of the lingering questions about the Outer Darkness.
Matt. 8:12.
When Jesus had entered Capernaum, a centurion came to him, asking for help. “Lord,” he said, “my servant lies at home paralyzed and in terrible suffering.”
Jesus said to him, “I will go and heal him.”
The centurion replied, “Lord, I do not deserve to have you come under my roof. But just say the word, and my servant will be healed. For I myself am a man under authority, with soldiers under me. I tell this one, ‘Go,’ and he goes; and that one, ‘Come,’ and he comes. I say to my servant, ‘Do this,’ and he does it.”
When Jesus heard this, he was astonished and said to those following him, “I tell you the truth, I have not found anyone in Israel with such great faith. I say to you that many will come from the east and the west, and will take their places at the feast with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven. But the subjects of the kingdom will be thrown outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.” (Matt. 8:5-12)
In His first reference to the Outer Darkness, Jesus was clearly speaking to and about Israel. He was criticizing the Jews for letting a Gentile Roman soldier demonstrate a stronger faith in Him than they had. He said that their lack of faith would result in people from all over the world (Gentiles) inheriting the Kingdom, while the Jews, who were the Kingdom’s intended subjects, would be thrown into the Outer Darkness, a place of weeping and gnashing of teeth.
Israel was then (and will be again) God’s Kingdom on Earth. The Lord repeated His warning to them in Matt. 21:43 when He said, “Therefore I tell you that the Kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a people who will produce its fruit.” It’s obvious that the Lord believed they were the subjects of the Kingdom or else why would He threaten to take it away from them?
So in His first mention of the Outer Darkness the Lord warned the Jewish people that at the End of the Age Gentile believers, like the Centurion, would join their patriarchs at the Wedding Feast while they themselves sat outside in the darkness for failing to recognize their Messiah.
Matt 22:13
Jesus spoke to them again in parables, saying: “The kingdom of heaven is like a king who prepared a wedding banquet for his son. He sent his servants to those who had been invited to the banquet to tell them to come, but they refused to come.
“Then he sent some more servants and said, ‘Tell those who have been invited that I have prepared my dinner: My oxen and fattened cattle have been butchered, and everything is ready. Come to the wedding banquet.’
“But they paid no attention and went off—one to his field, another to his business. The rest seized his servants, mistreated them and killed them. The king was enraged. He sent his army and destroyed those murderers and burned their city.
“Then he said to his servants, ‘The wedding banquet is ready, but those I invited did not deserve to come. Go to the street corners and invite to the banquet anyone you find.’ So the servants went out into the streets and gathered all the people they could find, both good and bad, and the wedding hall was filled with guests. “But when the king came in to see the guests, he noticed a man there who was not wearing wedding clothes. ‘Friend,’ he asked, ‘how did you get in here without wedding clothes?’ The man was speechless.
“Then the king told the attendants, ‘Tie him hand and foot, and throw him outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’
“For many are invited, but few are chosen.” (Matt. 22:1-14)
This is the parable of the Wedding Banquet, and there are three things to keep in mind here. First, the bride is never mentioned in this parable. Second, a bride is not considered a guest and could never be thrown out of her own wedding. And third, the banquet follows the wedding, so in the context of the parable the wedding has already taken place.
To accept the view that this parable is about the Church you have to start with the belief that some in the Church will become the Bride of Christ while others will not. But the Bible never even hints of that. It’s a man made conclusion without any Biblical support. If we’re saved, we’re in the church and if we’re in the Church we’re the Bride of Christ.
In parables everything is symbolic of something else, and the Bible always explains what they stand for. Isaiah 61:10 explains that the wedding clothes represent righteousness; I delight greatly in the LORD; my soul rejoices in my God. For he has clothed me with garments of salvation and arrayed me in a robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom adorns his head like a priest, and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.
Here’s how I see it. In Rev. 16:15, just after the 6th Bowl judgment and long after the church has departed, the Lord said, “Behold, I come like a thief! Blessed is he who stays awake and keeps his clothes with him, so that he may not go naked and be shamefully exposed.”
He was alluding to the fact that the Doctrine of Eternal Security expires with the Rapture, a fact that Jesus also taught in the Parable of the 10 Virgins. Tribulation believers will be saved by faith, just like everyone else, but will be responsible for keeping themselves saved, or as John said, keeping their clothes with them. Rev. 14:12 says they will do this by obeying God’s commandments and remaining faithful to Jesus.
The man ejected from the banquet was a last minute guest. He represents tribulation survivors who are not part of the Church. He was trying to receive the blessing of those invited to the wedding feast that occurs at the time of the 2nd Coming (Rev. 19:9). But He either hadn’t remained faithful and had lost his salvation, or never was saved at all. Remember the servants invited both the “good” and the “bad” and it isn’t clear whether this man had wedding clothes and lost them, or never had them in the first place. When he tried to gain entrance into the banquet, he was discovered and ejected.
So the 2nd reference applies to unbelieving survivors from the Great Tribulation who will be denied a place in the Kingdom for lack of the righteousness that comes by faith, and banished to the Outer Darkness instead.
Matt. 24:51
Who then is the faithful and wise servant, whom the master has put in charge of the servants in his household to give them their food at the proper time? It will be good for that servant whose master finds him doing so when he returns. I tell you the truth, he will put him in charge of all his possessions.
But suppose that servant is wicked and says to himself, ‘My master is staying away a long time,’ and he then begins to beat his fellow servants and to eat and drink with drunkards. The master of that servant will come on a day when he does not expect him and at an hour he is not aware of. He will cut him to pieces and assign him a place with the hypocrites, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. (Matt. 24:45-51)
The Parable of the Servants has only an implied reference to the Outer Darkness, calling it a place for hypocrites where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Since that phrase accompanies every other mention of the Outer Darkness, I think it’s safe to include it in our study. The timing of this parable was established as early as Matt. 24:29-30 which makes every thing that follows pertain to those on Earth at the time of the 2nd Coming. As a matter of fact, all the Olivet Discourse parables describe the destinies of Tribulation Survivors. You can easily confirm this by also looking at Matt. 24:36-37, Matt. 25:1, and Matt. 25:14.
This parable is about those who will have held positions of spiritual leadership during the Great Tribulation. In the Millennial Kingdom, the Lord will elevate to a place of authority leaders who have kept the word of God through the intense hardship and persecution of the times, and have taught sound doctrine to the flocks entrusted to them. (Remember, no Tribulation survivor will enter the New Jerusalem, but will dwell on Earth during the Lord’s Millennial reign.)
But having forsaken the truth, the wicked servants will no longer be watching for the Lord’s return, ignoring the obvious fulfillment of prophecy all around them and ridiculing those whose child-like faith sustains them. They are the worst of all enemies because they’ll look and sound like friends. They’re like the one John describes as appearing to have the authority of the Lamb but who speaks the words of the Dragon (Rev. 13:11). The Greek word translated hypocrite was often used to describe an actor or pretender, someone who appears to be something he’s not. So for the third time we see the Outer Darkness as a place for unbelievers. In this case it’s those who have betrayed the trust placed in them.
Matt. 25:30
The Lord’s final reference to the Outer Darkness appears at the end of the Parable of the Talents.
“Again, it will be like a man going on a journey, who called his servants and entrusted his property to them. To one he gave five talents of money, to another two talents, and to another one talent, each according to his ability. Then he went on his journey. The man who had received the five talents went at once and put his money to work and gained five more. So also, the one with the two talents gained two more. But the man who had received the one talent went off, dug a hole in the ground and hid his master’s money.
“After a long time the master of those servants returned and settled accounts with them. The man who had received the five talents brought the other five. ‘Master,’ he said, ‘you entrusted me with five talents. See, I have gained five more.’
“His master replied, ‘Well done, good and faithful servant! You have been faithful with a few things; I will put you in charge of many things. Come and share your master’s happiness!’
“The man with the two talents also came. ‘Master,’ he said, ‘you entrusted me with two talents; see, I have gained two more.’
“His master replied, ‘Well done, good and faithful servant! You have been faithful with a few things; I will put you in charge of many things. Come and share your master’s happiness!’
“Then the man who had received the one talent came. ‘Master,’ he said, ‘I knew that you are a hard man, harvesting where you have not sown and gathering where you have not scattered seed. So I was afraid and went out and hid your talent in the ground. See, here is what belongs to you.’
“His master replied, ‘You wicked, lazy servant! So you knew that I harvest where I have not sown and gather where I have not scattered seed? Well then, you should have put my money on deposit with the bankers, so that when I returned I would have received it back with interest.
” ‘Take the talent from him and give it to the one who has the ten talents. For everyone who has will be given more, and he will have an abundance. Whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken from him. And throw that worthless servant outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’ (Matt. 25:14-30)
For a more complete treatment of the Parable of the Talents click here. The relevant points for this study are that like the other Olivet Discourse parables, the timing is after the 2nd coming, the judgment is on Earth, and the man who had his only talent confiscated demonstrated a complete lack of knowledge of and faith in his master. He thought of Him as a hard man who accepted credit He didn’t deserve and he was afraid the master would treat him unfairly. No believer feels that way about Jesus. His punishment was to be consigned to the outer darkness.
So in all four cases, the ones being judged are unbelievers and their punishment is to live in a state of total obscurity where they will experience extreme anguish and utter despair. The fact that there’s no expanded teaching on the outer darkness elsewhere in the Bible leads me to believe the Lord was speaking of a place we’re already familiar with, but describing it in a way that helps us understand how it will feel to be there.
Remember, the words obscurity, extreme anguish and utter despair are associated with the phrase Outer Darkness. To be there is to be cut off from the presence of the Lord and everyone else, existing in total obscurity. The dictionary defines anguish as excruciating or acute distress, suffering, or pain, and despair as a state of utter hopelessness.
That, my friends, is the consequence of unbelief. Whether you call it Hell, Hades, Gehenna, the Lake of Fire, or the Outer Darkness, you wouldn’t want your worst enemy to spend even an hour there. 09-28-13