——诗学札记
1.谁人居过何其之城
六月，枝头挂满青青苹果。
适宜与所爱漫游于阳光之野，十指并扣，任其风筝似在头顶飞翔，雀跃相随。或与爱人夜雨秉烛，听满世界满身心的雨水嘶鸣。至清晨雨歇，听杜鹃声声。
或即使孤身一人，一道礼花般伤口，在心上绽放之后，隐隐烧灼作痛，也适宜读情诗。相信爱情会再次到来，如同相信它必定消逝一样。
这个早晨，又读到卡明斯儿童画般的诗anyone lived in a pretty how town （谁人居过何其之城）。评论者多着眼于其语法和语词的陌生化，得辞忘意。其实，卡明斯要揭示的是爱情童话般本质。
故事发生在一个名叫pretty how town。这个词组可以是倒置，意谓何其可爱之城。但how另一层含义是routine常规，也就是何其平庸之城。我们姑且就把它称为何其之城吧。
anyone lived in a pretty how town
(with up so floating many bells down)
spring summer autumn winter
he sang his didn’t he danced his did
这里“anyone”是故事主角，但它又指称谁、任何人，无名者。我们且把主角称之为谁人。在个漂浮着铃铛的小城，他是一个大男孩，孤独、无辜、另类。春夏秋冬，他歌唱他的未曾（也许是失败），手舞足蹈他的已作。没有谁待见他、在乎他。但有少数孩子依稀记得，有位叫noone的姑娘爱他。这里noone有双重含义，爱他得胜过所有人 （noone loved him more by more），是谁人anyone的最孤独的形式：无人。
诗中，卡明斯讲述了一个爱情在尘世、在时间中的故事。谁人（anyone）与无人（noone）之爱。他们是成人世界的孤岛。他们惺惺相惜，孩童般的欢喜雀跃。笑着彼此的喜悦，哭着彼此的悲伤。通过避免那些世俗的合格性而保有天真，不落俗套陈规。他们的爱没有机心、算计。没有利益的计较。无目的性。就像美。
when by now and tree by leaf
she laughed his joy she cried his grief
bird by snow and stir by still
anyone’s any was all to her
他们的对彼此生命的分享，如此细致入微，以微显巨，犹如从每片树叶而得全树 (tree by leaf)。他们以在一起的现时每一刻，来领悟时间 (when by now)，由部分而获得整体。如此的童心，雪样轻柔的小鸟，悦动的宁静，彼此的一切就是彼此的世界 （anyone’s any was all to her）。后来，一个春天里，谁人 （anyone）死了。无人 （noone） 随即而逝。他们长眠一起。渺小依着渺小，曾经挨着曾经。所有伴着所有，深深连着深深，更多接着更多。他们，如此分享着永恒。
one day anyone died i guess
(and noone stooped to kiss his face)
busy folk buried them side by side
little by little and was by was
all by all and deep by deep
and more by more they dream their sleep
noone and anyone earth by april
wish by spirit and if by yes.
这是怎样的爱情！为世俗所不容，为成长所不容，为时间所不容，为利益所不容，为获得所不容。被时间所剥夺，又超越了时间。它被春天埋葬于大地 (noone and anyone earth by april)，又在春天里重生。希望为精神激活，质疑（如果）被答案（肯定）所鼓励。有不死的爱情吗？是的。
这同时也是一个不爱的故事。在这个何其之城 （pretty how town），与何人（anyone）和无人（noone）相对峙的，是某人或功成名就者（someone）和所有人（everyone），鸡毛蒜皮（little and small），叽叽歪歪。他们绝对是长大成人了。湮没于社会的合格性中，成为每一个的成员。中规中矩，机心重重。不顾一切地追逐着名利。丧失了真率和本性。
Women and men(both little and small)
cared for anyone not at all
they sowed their isn’t they reaped their same
sun moon stars rain
这是一群庸夫俗妇。镇日里睡觉、走路，说着他们的从不和永不。昏睡着他们的梦想。年年播种一成不变的种子，收获一成不变的结果。
someones married their everyones
laughed their cryings and did their dance
(sleep wake hope and then)they
said their nevers they slept their dream
他们不知如何爱和被爱。只需要婚姻（为社会认可）。 似乎爱就是上床(both dong and ding) 或婚姻 （did their dance）。他们彼此的心并未连接，缺乏理解，以至于嘲笑彼此的哭泣（laughed their cryings）。对于他人的命运，无动于衷 （cared for anyone not at all）。甚至死亡都无法震撼他们的心灵，而只能引起他们的漠视（unconcern）和撇开（detachment）。诗中说道，当何人死去时，“noone stooped to kiss his face”。 这里，语带双关，只有无人（noone）俯身吻逝者谁人（anyone）的脸，或者说根本没有人去吻死去的任何人的脸。
Women and men(both dong and ding)
summer autumn winter spring
reaped their sowing and went their came
sun moon stars rain
就这样叽叽歪歪（dong and ding），春夏秋冬，年复一年。日月星辰，刮风下雨。枯燥无趣苟活着。最终，去他们的所来 （went their came）。消失于尘土，结束他们徒劳的一生。就像从未来过。浪费了温暖的阳光，闪烁的星辰，丰沛雨滴。
这无疑的生存的悲剧和喜剧。这也是爱情得而复失的故事。按照卡明斯的感受，童心是爱情的基石。怀着无辜之心，好奇、幻想，真诚，无拘，自由。空中有漂浮的铃铛。犹如初雪那样新奇。眼是初见七彩之眼，耳是初闻妙音之耳，心是朴素喜悦之心，身是初感温暖之身，口是第一次言说爱之口。那语言笨拙而直指爱情本身，那是最初的诗。
然而，就像雪会融化，童心也会丧失：
stars rain sun moon
(and only the snow can begin to explain
how children are apt to forget to remember
with up so floating many bells down)
一旦如此，爱情也就丢失（no one loved anymore）。随着四季风车似地轮回 （passage of time），一切在褪色。一方面，忘记了赤子之心，接受成人世界的一切。只能用被教会的方式去行动，机械、木然、被动、定义。即使说爱，也充满了陈词滥调，爱得充满心计。另一方面，失去了新奇之心，五官麻木。视而不见，听而不闻；或者只能听闻看成见教会的东西。不再记得空中有漂浮的铃铛。爱情老去，无疾或有疾而终。而爱情必须是日日新、新又新，需要创造，需要新奇。有童心，人生若只如初见。犹如诗人，每天须用崭新的方式，对这个世界说你好。须怀初恋之心。
卡明斯用简单的复杂语言，讲述爱情，爱和不爱两个主题并行。或两个主题的交织。暗示爱情可能又不可能。人世间的何其之城，爱情每天死亡又每天产生。这首诗开始于小写的字母，结尾并没有句号。表示着这循环结束于它的开始，开始于它的结束。不断往复。
爱恨亦大矣， 犹如生死。诗人你如何说？你和我，还有谁，居住过这个何其之城？别灰心，爱情，曾经有过，或者将会有。可以赤子之心聆听空中浮悬之铃。
微笑 写于2014年六月
改于2014年八月
附上全诗：
anyone lived in a pretty how town
by ee cummings
anyone lived in a pretty how town
(with up so floating many bells down)
spring summer autumn winter
he sang his didn’t he danced his did
Women and men(both little and small)
cared for anyone not at all
they sowed their isn’t they reaped their same
sun moon stars rain
children guessed(but only a few
and down they forgot as up they grew
autumn winter spring summer)
that noone loved him more by more
when by now and tree by leaf
she laughed his joy she cried his grief
bird by snow and stir by still
anyone’s any was all to her
someones married their everyones
laughed their cryings and did their dance
(sleep wake hope and then)they
said their nevers they slept their dream
stars rain sun moon
(and only the snow can begin to explain
how children are apt to forget to remember
with up so floating many bells down)
one day anyone died i guess
(and noone stooped to kiss his face)
busy folk buried them side by side
little by little and was by was
all by all and deep by deep
and more by more they dream their sleep
noone and anyone earth by april
wish by spirit and if by yes.
Women and men(both dong and ding)
summer autumn winter spring
reaped their sowing and went their came
sun moon stars rain
