人工甜味剂可能引发糖尿病


肠道细菌(
Weizmann Institute of Science
 

人工甜味剂完全不被人消化吸收,可是它能造成前期糖尿病的葡萄糖不耐受症状。为什么呢?

以色列Weizmann Institute of Science的科学家发现了问题的答案。

白鼠试验

试验1A组喝人工甜味剂水,B组喝白水或糖水。结果:A组出现葡萄糖不耐受,B组没有。

试验2(在试验1基础上):用抗菌素杀死A组肠道细菌,A组葡萄糖不耐受完全逆转。

试验3在试验1基础上):把A组的肠道细菌移植到无菌白鼠,无菌白鼠(已成为有菌)出现葡萄糖不耐受。

试验4:取一般白鼠肠道细菌,人工甜味剂体外养殖,再植入无菌白鼠,无菌白鼠(已成为有菌)也出现葡萄糖不耐受。

至此结论已经很明确。进一步分析发现人工甜味剂使肠道细菌构成发生了深刻变化,出现了已知的与肥胖和糖尿病相关的细菌功能。

人的试验

381个原来不喝甜味剂饮料的无糖尿病志愿者,很多(不是全部)在喝人工甜味剂饮料仅一周后,出现葡萄糖不耐受。对他们肠道细菌的分析发现有两类细菌:一类会因甜味剂造成人的葡萄糖不耐受,另一类不会。

个性化营养项目是最大的关于营养与肠道细菌关系的研究项目。这个研究的数据也显示人工甜味剂,肠道细菌,和葡萄糖不耐受之间的关联。

肠道细菌是决定饮食如何影响我们身体的重大因素。特别引起我们兴趣的是人工甜味剂,它会造成本来它应该防止的健康问题,现在应该重新评价目前这种大量放任使用的状况,研究人员说。

摘自研究报道。

Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota. Nature, 2014; DOI: 10.1038/nature13793

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