马克思的剩余价值

1/17/2013, chatting in TZLC Group

 

剩余价值是马克思主义的基石。You got to respect those “Westerners” (especially Jewish), in the sense that their “形式”能力非常高：个把公理，导处一堆定理，引出千千万万……等某个实证和理论有重大偏差，再回头修正。相对中国个人的思维方式完全不是这样的，天工开物多，理论非常少而弱。

When in high school, we were told 生产要素为：劳动者、劳动资料、和劳动对象。马克思“发现”了剩余价值，which被万恶的资本家窃取了。Well, that’s at least logical (in that system), there is stuff left on the table, which supposed to be given to劳动者 (pending definition）.

When in college, 经管学院教both社会主义经济学and西方经济学，in which the definition of 生产要素broaden to：资本and企业家。I just went online and checked what’s the latest, here is one:

生产要素通常包括资本、劳动力、技术、土地、经济信息和经济管理等六种。

·         资本包括资本货物(机器设备、厂房建筑物和原材料等)和金融资产(股票、债券和借款等);

·         劳动力包括体力劳动者和脑力劳动者;

·         技术包括文字、表格、数据、配方等有形形态，也包括实际生产经验、个人的专门技能等无形形态;

·         土地不仅包括其本身，还包括地下的矿藏和地上的自然资源;

·         经济信息要素是指与产品生产、销售和消费直接相关的消息、情报、数据和知识等;

·         经济管理要素又称为生产组织要素或企业家才能要素。

My point is, if there is something left on the table, theoretically it belongs to all of those above. We all know now, forget about the theories for the moment, a worker without knowledge/skill doesn’t worth much, a business without strong management can’t survive for long, without data it’s like no blood…

所谓万恶的资本家，其实当中包括了资本的回报，管理，各种专业性的脑力劳动...承担了风险，打造了舞台，推动了社会进步……

Don’t get me wrong, KM is a great Philosopher with great intention. There are few people like him could stand that high, but any theory system could be wrong or at least 不完备.