| 作者：赵熙熙 来源：科学网 www.sciencenet.cn 发布时间：2016/9/11 20:31:23 选择字号：小 中 大 | ||||
美国副总统拜登今年早些时候在杜克大学谈论他的癌症“登月计划”。图片来源：Ben McKeown/Associated Press 尽管资金来源尚未确定，但美国癌症“登月计划”的顾问们已经为项目的研究目标提出了一揽子细目清单。他们建议，应在免疫疗法、数据共享和建立患者网络等十大领域重点投资，从而达到加快癌症研究的目的。 9月7日发布的这10个建议包括启动一个专门针对利用免疫系统疗法的国家临床试验网络，并创建一个三维癌症地图目录，从而记录一个肿瘤如何与邻近的正常细胞相互作用。 这个包括28位成员的顾问小组是美国国家癌症研究所（NCI）国家癌症咨询委员会（NCAB）的工作组，将拥有3位共同主席：NCAB主席、剑桥市麻省理工学院癌症生物学家Tyler Jacks，马里兰州巴尔的摩市约翰斯·霍普金斯大学癌症免疫学家Elizabeth Jaffee以及NCI代理副所长Dinah Singer。其他专家组成员包括癌症中心负责人、肿瘤基因组学和癌症免疫学方面的研究人员、为病人伸张权益的人以及包括NantWorks公司首席执行官Patrick Soon-Shiong在内的行业领军者。 该顾问小组还呼吁开发新的癌症治疗技术，包括先进的成像技术和给药装置；专注于驱动许多儿科癌症的蛋白质；研究肿瘤如何对癌症治疗产生耐药性。 美国国家癌症研究所（NCI）尚未最终决定向每一个方案投入多少资金，或者这些项目将如何被构架起来。 美国政府于今年1月启动了癌症“登月计划”，旨在未来5年使癌症宜居带步伐提高1倍。然而由于该国国会削减了明年的预算，导致该计划受困于预算的沼泽之中。 美国国立研究院（NIH）要求在今年10月1日开始的2017年财政年度为癌症“登月计划”拨款6.8亿美元。然而尽管美国民主党与共和党的成员一直在为癌症“登月计划”呐喊助威，但立法者表示，他们在最终资助这一计划之前还需要看到关于其的更多细节。 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区美国科学促进会研发预算与政策项目主任Matt Hourihan表示，如果这一切没有发生在国会决定政府的2017年预算之前，完全提供资金可能便要等到2018年财政年度了。 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区美国癌症研究协会科学政策与政府事务常务董事Jon Retzlaff指出，来自“登月计划”顾问小组的建议提供了立法者想要的信息。 这份报告首先建议，应建立全国性的患者网络，允许患者提交肿瘤样本进行基因组检测，并与研究人员分享他们的检测与临床治疗数据。癌症患者也可在网络中预先登记，表明自己有兴趣参与临床试验。目前，美国癌症临床试验主要在大型医疗中心进行，只有5%的患者参与其中。 利用患者自身免疫细胞进行治疗的免疫疗法，是当前癌症治疗研究的热点之一。该报告的第二个建议是，建立一个专门的癌症免疫疗法临床试验网络，加强对这种疗法进行研究。 该报告还建议，加强癌症抗药性研究；建立癌症数据共享系统；加强对儿童癌症致病因素的研究；减少癌症及其治疗的副作用；加强癌症预防和早期检测；对患者标本进行追溯分析，从而更好地预测标准疗法的治疗结果；建立人体肿瘤动态化三维图像；开发确定肿瘤性质与测试治疗效果的新工具。 该顾问小组9月7日向NCAB提交了建议报告，后者略作修改予以接受，接下来将提交由副总统拜登领衔的癌症“登月计划”特别小组。 该“登月计划”是在总统奥巴马今年1月发表国情咨文期间宣布的，目标是加快在对抗癌症方面取得的进展，并且破除阻碍研究人员合作的界限，后来又设立以副总统拜登为首的“白宫癌症登月计划特别小组”，目标是让抗癌研究的进展速度翻一番，在5年内取得原本可能要10年取得的成果。（赵熙熙） 更多阅读 Cancer experts unveil wishlist for US government ‘moonshot’From immunotherapies to diagnostics, an expert panel outlines research goals for broad initiative. Article toolsRights & PermissionsAdvisers to the US Cancer Moonshot Initiative have produced a wide-ranging laundry list of research targets for the project — even as its funding remains uncertain. The ten recommendations released on 7 September include the launch of a national clinical-trial network specifically targeted at therapies that harness the immune system, and the creation of a 3D cancer atlas to catalogue how a tumour interacts with neighbouring normal cells. The advisory panel — whose members include leading cancer researchers, physicians and patient advocates — also called for new cancer technologies, including advanced imaging techniques and drug-delivery devices; a focus on proteins that drive many paediatric cancers; and studies of how tumours become resistant to cancer treatments. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has not yet determined how much funding will go to each of the initiatives, or how the projects will be structured. The White House launched the moonshot in January to double the pace of cancer research over the next five years. But the programme is stuck in funding limbo as Congress hashes out next year’s budget. The US National Institutes of Health requested US$680 million for the moonshot for the 2017 fiscal year, which starts on 1 October. Despite vocal support from members of both political parties, lawmakers have said that they need more detail on the programme before they can fully fund it. If that does not happen before Congress sets the government’s 2017 budget, full funding might have to wait until the 2018 fiscal year, says Matt Hourihan, director of the research and development budget and policy programme at the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington DC. Waiting gameThe recommendations from the moonshot’s advisory panel provide the information that lawmakers want, says Jon Retzlaff, managing director of science policy and government affairs for the American Association for Cancer Research in Washington DC. Retzlaff plans to start lobbying Congress with the recommendations in hand. “The concepts and the grant proposals that will be generated because of these proposals, I think, will inspire Congress to say, ‘Yes, this is a worthy project,’” he says. For cancer geneticist Bert Vogelstein at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, the recommendations came as a pleasant surprise. A call to expand the use of proven cancer prevention and early-detection strategies, for example, was unexpected. Although many experts think that the approach could slash cancer deaths, it has not typically been high on the funding list, says Vogelstein. “I was very impressed,” he says. “They picked out some underexplored opportunities.” But the recommendations faced criticism at a meeting of the NCI’s advisory board. Several attendees argued that the report needs to contain a stronger emphasis on disparities in cancer deaths that have been linked to race and economic status. “Disparities should be sitting at the top of this whole thing,” said Mack Roach, a radiation oncologist at the University of California, San Francisco. “People are dying who shouldn't be dying.” That issue was largely left to the Moonshot Task Force, a separate advisory panel that is focused on improving access to care and other logistical barriers to cancer care, said the task force’s leader, Greg Simon, who is chief executive of Poliwogg, a health-care investment company in New York City. The task force plans to release its report later this year. The latest recommendations could not cover the full gamut of cancer research, advisory-panel members stressed during the meeting. “We really need to show we can produce something,” said cancer researcher Elizabeth Jaffee of Johns Hopkins. “We really went after the shovel-ready or low-hanging fruit as the priority right now.” Even so, the breadth of the recommendations was impressive, and could serve to draw new researchers to the field, says Stephen Elledge, a molecular biologist at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts. “They did a pretty good job,” he says. “I was glad they didn’t just say, ‘Oh we just need to sequence more tumours.’”
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癌症“登月计划”
TJKCB (2016-09-11 12:06:19) 评论 (0)| 作者：赵熙熙 来源：科学网 www.sciencenet.cn 发布时间：2016/9/11 20:31:23 选择字号：小 中 大 | ||||
美国副总统拜登今年早些时候在杜克大学谈论他的癌症“登月计划”。图片来源：Ben McKeown/Associated Press 尽管资金来源尚未确定，但美国癌症“登月计划”的顾问们已经为项目的研究目标提出了一揽子细目清单。他们建议，应在免疫疗法、数据共享和建立患者网络等十大领域重点投资，从而达到加快癌症研究的目的。 9月7日发布的这10个建议包括启动一个专门针对利用免疫系统疗法的国家临床试验网络，并创建一个三维癌症地图目录，从而记录一个肿瘤如何与邻近的正常细胞相互作用。 这个包括28位成员的顾问小组是美国国家癌症研究所（NCI）国家癌症咨询委员会（NCAB）的工作组，将拥有3位共同主席：NCAB主席、剑桥市麻省理工学院癌症生物学家Tyler Jacks，马里兰州巴尔的摩市约翰斯·霍普金斯大学癌症免疫学家Elizabeth Jaffee以及NCI代理副所长Dinah Singer。其他专家组成员包括癌症中心负责人、肿瘤基因组学和癌症免疫学方面的研究人员、为病人伸张权益的人以及包括NantWorks公司首席执行官Patrick Soon-Shiong在内的行业领军者。 该顾问小组还呼吁开发新的癌症治疗技术，包括先进的成像技术和给药装置；专注于驱动许多儿科癌症的蛋白质；研究肿瘤如何对癌症治疗产生耐药性。 美国国家癌症研究所（NCI）尚未最终决定向每一个方案投入多少资金，或者这些项目将如何被构架起来。 美国政府于今年1月启动了癌症“登月计划”，旨在未来5年使癌症宜居带步伐提高1倍。然而由于该国国会削减了明年的预算，导致该计划受困于预算的沼泽之中。 美国国立研究院（NIH）要求在今年10月1日开始的2017年财政年度为癌症“登月计划”拨款6.8亿美元。然而尽管美国民主党与共和党的成员一直在为癌症“登月计划”呐喊助威，但立法者表示，他们在最终资助这一计划之前还需要看到关于其的更多细节。 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区美国科学促进会研发预算与政策项目主任Matt Hourihan表示，如果这一切没有发生在国会决定政府的2017年预算之前，完全提供资金可能便要等到2018年财政年度了。 华盛顿哥伦比亚特区美国癌症研究协会科学政策与政府事务常务董事Jon Retzlaff指出，来自“登月计划”顾问小组的建议提供了立法者想要的信息。 这份报告首先建议，应建立全国性的患者网络，允许患者提交肿瘤样本进行基因组检测，并与研究人员分享他们的检测与临床治疗数据。癌症患者也可在网络中预先登记，表明自己有兴趣参与临床试验。目前，美国癌症临床试验主要在大型医疗中心进行，只有5%的患者参与其中。 利用患者自身免疫细胞进行治疗的免疫疗法，是当前癌症治疗研究的热点之一。该报告的第二个建议是，建立一个专门的癌症免疫疗法临床试验网络，加强对这种疗法进行研究。 该报告还建议，加强癌症抗药性研究；建立癌症数据共享系统；加强对儿童癌症致病因素的研究；减少癌症及其治疗的副作用；加强癌症预防和早期检测；对患者标本进行追溯分析，从而更好地预测标准疗法的治疗结果；建立人体肿瘤动态化三维图像；开发确定肿瘤性质与测试治疗效果的新工具。 该顾问小组9月7日向NCAB提交了建议报告，后者略作修改予以接受，接下来将提交由副总统拜登领衔的癌症“登月计划”特别小组。 该“登月计划”是在总统奥巴马今年1月发表国情咨文期间宣布的，目标是加快在对抗癌症方面取得的进展，并且破除阻碍研究人员合作的界限，后来又设立以副总统拜登为首的“白宫癌症登月计划特别小组”，目标是让抗癌研究的进展速度翻一番，在5年内取得原本可能要10年取得的成果。（赵熙熙） 更多阅读 Cancer experts unveil wishlist for US government ‘moonshot’From immunotherapies to diagnostics, an expert panel outlines research goals for broad initiative. Article toolsRights & PermissionsAdvisers to the US Cancer Moonshot Initiative have produced a wide-ranging laundry list of research targets for the project — even as its funding remains uncertain. The ten recommendations released on 7 September include the launch of a national clinical-trial network specifically targeted at therapies that harness the immune system, and the creation of a 3D cancer atlas to catalogue how a tumour interacts with neighbouring normal cells. The advisory panel — whose members include leading cancer researchers, physicians and patient advocates — also called for new cancer technologies, including advanced imaging techniques and drug-delivery devices; a focus on proteins that drive many paediatric cancers; and studies of how tumours become resistant to cancer treatments. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has not yet determined how much funding will go to each of the initiatives, or how the projects will be structured. The White House launched the moonshot in January to double the pace of cancer research over the next five years. But the programme is stuck in funding limbo as Congress hashes out next year’s budget. The US National Institutes of Health requested US$680 million for the moonshot for the 2017 fiscal year, which starts on 1 October. Despite vocal support from members of both political parties, lawmakers have said that they need more detail on the programme before they can fully fund it. If that does not happen before Congress sets the government’s 2017 budget, full funding might have to wait until the 2018 fiscal year, says Matt Hourihan, director of the research and development budget and policy programme at the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington DC. Waiting gameThe recommendations from the moonshot’s advisory panel provide the information that lawmakers want, says Jon Retzlaff, managing director of science policy and government affairs for the American Association for Cancer Research in Washington DC. Retzlaff plans to start lobbying Congress with the recommendations in hand. “The concepts and the grant proposals that will be generated because of these proposals, I think, will inspire Congress to say, ‘Yes, this is a worthy project,’” he says. For cancer geneticist Bert Vogelstein at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, the recommendations came as a pleasant surprise. A call to expand the use of proven cancer prevention and early-detection strategies, for example, was unexpected. Although many experts think that the approach could slash cancer deaths, it has not typically been high on the funding list, says Vogelstein. “I was very impressed,” he says. “They picked out some underexplored opportunities.” But the recommendations faced criticism at a meeting of the NCI’s advisory board. Several attendees argued that the report needs to contain a stronger emphasis on disparities in cancer deaths that have been linked to race and economic status. “Disparities should be sitting at the top of this whole thing,” said Mack Roach, a radiation oncologist at the University of California, San Francisco. “People are dying who shouldn't be dying.” That issue was largely left to the Moonshot Task Force, a separate advisory panel that is focused on improving access to care and other logistical barriers to cancer care, said the task force’s leader, Greg Simon, who is chief executive of Poliwogg, a health-care investment company in New York City. The task force plans to release its report later this year. The latest recommendations could not cover the full gamut of cancer research, advisory-panel members stressed during the meeting. “We really need to show we can produce something,” said cancer researcher Elizabeth Jaffee of Johns Hopkins. “We really went after the shovel-ready or low-hanging fruit as the priority right now.” Even so, the breadth of the recommendations was impressive, and could serve to draw new researchers to the field, says Stephen Elledge, a molecular biologist at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts. “They did a pretty good job,” he says. “I was glad they didn’t just say, ‘Oh we just need to sequence more tumours.’”
For the best commenting experience, please login or register as a user and agree to our Community Guidelines. You will be re-directed back to this page where you will see comments updating in real-time and have the ability to recommend comments to other users. CommentsComments
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