我前不久看了一部陕北风味的电视剧“平凡的世界”，戏里的许多美食让我很眼馋。我平时上班也会偶尔到纽约的西安名吃买个腊汁肉夹馍吃，很喜欢那馍的口感，虽然可能它并不十分正宗。
我很久以前曾做过杂粮版的肉夹馍，虽然比较健康，但口感上还是有点差别的。后来又实验了好几次，终于做出了有“铜圈虎背菊花心”的白吉馍，非常好吃。
今儿写个帖子记录一些心得，让大伙儿也可以在家炮制这款美味的地方特色。
Roujiamo (肉夹馍) is considered the Chinese equivalent to the Western hamburger and meat sandwiches, it is a street food originating from Shaanxi Province in China. It is also made famous by Xi'an Famous in New York City a couple of years back.
The flatbread used for this sandwich is called "Bai Ji Mo” (白吉馍), which is made from wheat flour first toasted on flat pan and then baked in a clay or mud oven. A good Bai Ji Mo is said to be crusty on the outside and soft in the inside. The stewed meat is most commonly pork, stewed for hours in Master Stock, it is later chopped and stuffed into the flatbread, served with a little gravy from the stew (腊汁), thus this Chinese Stewed Pork Burger is also called “腊汁肉夹馍” which means Chinese Stewed Pork Burger with gravy.
白吉馍材料:
3杯/360 克 中筋面粉
2-3 tbsp/25-30克 中筋面粉 （戗面用）
1 杯/ 225 克 水 (室温)
1 小勺/3 克 快速酵母
Ingredients for Baijimo (Flat bread):
3 cups/360 g All purpose flour
2-3 tbsp/25-30g of all purpose flour (to be added later)
1 cup/ 225 g Water (Room Temperature)
1 tsp/3 g of Active dried yeast
For Master Stock Starter：
1 tsp Chinese Five spice
1 Black Cardamom
About 20 of Sichuan Pepper (花椒）
1 stick of Cinnamom Stick
2 bay leaves
1 tsp Fennel
3-5 cloves
1 star anise
1 tbsp of Hoisin Sauce
1/4 cups of fish sauce/ soy sauce
1 tsp Salt
3-4 small pieces of rock sugar
Others:
2.5-3 lbs Pig's Trotter
老卤的制作：
1 tsp 五香粉
1 只 草果
大约20只 花椒
桂皮一根
桂叶两片
1 tsp 小茴香（Fennel）
3-5颗 丁香
两颗 八角（大料）
1 tbsp 海鲜酱
1/4杯 鱼露或酱油
1 tsp 盐
冰糖 几块
其他:
2.5-3 磅 元蹄
1. 把3杯面粉，酵母和水揉成一个偏硬的面团，加盖放到温暖处发酵15分钟。发到面团半发酵即可，用手指压压面团，感觉比较松弛就可以了。
2. 15分钟后取出面团，在案板上撒上大约2-3大勺的面粉，面粉要分2-3次加入，慢慢地把面团揉到紧致光洁为止，饧面5分钟。
3. 把面团分成8个等份，搓成梭子形（两头尖），用擀面杖擀成牛舌状后卷起竖立成柱子状。把面团依次处理好后用手掌压平成面坯，盖上干净的布，再次饧面5分钟。
4. 陕西有一种鱼肚型的擀面杖，专门拿来擀馍，用那种擀面杖擀面的话面坯就会自然地形成碗装。我家没有这款擀面杖，就用普通的擀面杖擀平后用手捏成小碗状。
5. 烤箱预热至400 F (200 C)。 热上一口铸铁/平底锅，把擀好的面坯碗口朝上放到平底锅上中火烙2分钟定型，翻面压平继续烙2-3分钟就会形成漂亮的“铜圈虎背菊花心”烙印。
6. 把馍都烙好后，全摆到一个烤盘里入烤箱烤8-10分钟至馍膨胀表面变酥脆。
1. Place 3 cups of all purpose flour, yeast and water in a large mixing bowl, mix and knead together to form a stiff dough. Cover the dough and let it rest for 15 minutes. When the dough raises about 30% larger in size and the dough is softer to touch, it is time to start working on the dough.
2. Sprinkle about some all purpose flour on working surface, take the dough out and slowly knead the flour in, adding 2-3 tbsp of flour slowly to knead the dough until it form a stiff and smooth dough again, let the dough rest for 5 minutes.
3. Divide the dough to 8 equal portions, take one portion and shape it into a long log. Apply gentle pressure to taper the dough on the outer edges, by doing this, your log should end up slightly thicker in the middle and thinner on the ends.
4. Use a rolling pin to roll the log into an oblong shape, roll it up from the bottom to form a small cylinder, turn over and flattened the dough to form a 1 cm thick flat dough, repeat the steps for the remaining dough.
5. Shape the flat doughs into bowl shape, preheat oven to 400 F（200 C), heat up a cooking pan, preferably cast iron pan. Place the bowl shape dough facing up, cook at medium heat for 2 minutes, turn the bowls and flatten the dough using a spatula or your palm if you can bear the heat. Continue cooking for 2-3 minutes, your bread should now have beautiful circular grill marks on it.
6. Transfer the bread to a baking sheet, bake them in the oven for 8-10 minutes until slightly puffed and crusty on the surface.
7. 把卤水里列出的所有材料放到瓦煲里文火煮滚后加入家里的老卤（我是冷冻室里冻着的）大火煮滚后卤汁成。
8. 把元蹄清理干净，汆烫洗净后加到老卤里煮滚后转小火炖2-3个小时至酥烂为止。这个时候可以把卤水过滤一大罐冻起来收藏，下次再加到新的卤水里一起卤。
9. 馍稍微放凉后从中间横切开，别切断，填入剁碎的腊汁肉即可。
7. To make master stock, place all ingredients listed under master stock in a deep pot/stock pot with 8 cups of water and the old stock that stored in freezer (If you have) bring it to boil, then turn it to medium heat and keep simmering for another 30-40 minutes, take out all spices. The stock is ready.
8. Clean and blanch trotter in boiling water briefly, drain, wash and set aside. Place the trotter into the master stock, bring to boil and turn the heat to medium low and cook for 2-3 hours until tender. Sieve and pour about 4 cups of the stock into a container and freeze it up to be use as old stock later.
9. Once the bread is cooled enough to work on, slit the bread from the middle but do not completely cut it through, stuff the bread with minced stewed pork and serve warm.
欢迎到我的英文博客玩--
http://www.echoskitchen.com/2017/01/chinese-stewed-pork-burger.html
