The 2017 Warren Alpert Foundation Prize has been awarded to five scientists for transformative discoveries in the field of cancer immunology.
Collectively, their work has elucidated foundational mechanisms in cancer’s ability to evade immune recognition and, in doing so, has profoundly altered the understanding of disease development and treatment. Their discoveries have led to the development of effective immune therapies for several types of cancer.
回复 '阿留' 的评论 : "Shinya Yamanaka discovered more than 40 years later, in 2006, how intact mature cells in mice could be reprogrammed to become immature stem cells. Surprisingly, by introducing only a few genes, he could reprogram mature cells to become pluripotent stem cells, i.e. immature cells that are able to develop into all types of cells in the body."
“John B. Gurdon discovered in 1962 that the specialisation of cells is reversible. In a classic experiment, he replaced the immature cell nucleus in an egg cell of a frog with the nucleus from a mature intestinal cell. This modified egg cell developed into a normal tadpole. The DNA of the mature cell still had all the information needed to develop all cells in the frog.”
最后一句话,正是一个深刻的普遍规律,而在此之前大家是没有认识到的。所以颁奖词总结说“Their findings have revolutionised our understanding of how cells and organisms develop.”
For Nobel Prize, rule No.
1, You cannot do prize.
2, It would be hard for you to get if there are more than 3 major competitors. For example, 5 guys here.
3, Cannot be dead.