如此遥远：13亿光年引力波的发现获得了2017年诺贝尔物理学奖
惊讶两年内发生 - 引力波的发现获得了2017年诺贝尔物理学奖
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两年内才发生 - 惊讶! The discovery of gravitational waves (below) earned 2017 Nobel Physics. 引力波的发现获得了2017年诺贝尔物理学奖。How about its reproducibility? Read these - ""如此微弱：比原子核运动还要小数千倍的细微变化。
如此遥远：13亿光年。
如此凑巧。
运气真好。"" No way can anyone else reproduce such results !
I posted this "Themes beyond human reach now...gravitational waves
- Something we can't detect now don't mean they don't exist. For example, cancer cells hide somewhere we can't detect and come back later on. I heard this lab of gravitational waves, championed by Yang Zhen Ning in 1980s, at Sun Yat-sen University - the lab was led by Li Hua-zhong, fo ...
Thus, it's a welcomed news this morning to read this Nobel physics goes to Barry C. Barish, Kip S. Thorne, and Rainer Weiss who were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics on Oct. 3 for The discovery of gravitational waves (below). I expected that sufficient for Nobel honor, but I didn't expect it happened only within two years of this discovery. Surprised! ((引力波的发现（下）获得了2017年诺贝尔物理学奖。引力波的发现（下）获得了2017年诺贝尔物理学奖 - 不指望这个发现的两年内才发生 - 惊讶！))
I guess I've been waiting its application: As biologist, I hope it helps define how human soul travels around - by something like gravitational waves - we human can't see it but it cut through all objects and travel around ! Invisible, invincible, incredible! Full of mystery! ((我想我一直在等待它的应用：作为生物学家，我希望它有助于定义人类的灵魂如何前进 - 通过像引力波 - 我们人类看不到它，但它切割所有的对象和旅行！隐形，无敌，不可思议！充满神秘！！))
- 惊讶！(1) Crowned with Nobel within only 2 years post-discovery; (2) no confirmation by independent laboratories; (3) None of applications (impact?).
Who else? courageous to say something different from main stream! like this one - - -
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"诺贝尔奖又闹大笑话今年竟授予根本不存在的引力波
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诺贝尔奖又闹大笑话今年竟授予根本不存在的引力波
可见国际流行错误学术观点无视客观实际到了何等顽固的程度!
北京时间10月3日下午5点45分，2017年诺贝尔物理学奖揭晓，3位美国科学家RainerWeiss, Barry C. Barish和Kip S. Thorne获奖。获奖理由是“对LIGO探测器和引力波观测的决定性贡献”。其中，Rainer Weiss独享一半奖金，Barry C.Barish和Kip S. Thorne分享另一半。奖金共900万瑞典克朗。
根本不存在的引力波复旦大学却給它个复旦-中植科学奖"
How about its reproducibility? Read these - ""如此微弱：比原子核运动还要小数千倍的细微变化。
如此遥远：13亿光年。
如此凑巧。
运气真好。"" No way can anyone else reproduce such results !
- [6]蒋永华
- 医学获生理学奖是三个美国人，我推测接下来会有更多美国人，果然如此。我的理由比较外行：美国优先。
- [5]马红孺
- 这个奖的意思就是认可了LIGO的观测了! 说实在的，我还是有点怀疑。
- [4]晏成和
- 如此微弱：比原子核运动还要小数千倍的细微变化。
如此遥远：13亿光年。
如此凑巧。
运气真好。
- [3]晏成和
- 如此微弱：比原子核运动还要小数千倍的细微变化。
如此遥远：13亿光年。
如此凑巧。
运气真好。
- [2]温海龙
- 居然真的给了引力波，不可思议。
""
**
Background -
“Gravity, according to Einstein, is the warping of space and time,” Brian Greene wrote in his book “The Elegant Universe.” 爱因斯坦认为，重力是空间和时间的扭曲，“布赖恩·格林在他的书”优雅宇宙“中写道。
The physicist John Wheeler had a famous saying: “Mass grips space by telling it how to curve, space grips mass by telling it how to move.” 物理学家约翰·惠勒（John Wheeler）有一句名言：“通过告诉它如何曲线，空间掌握空间，告诉它如何移动”
Einstein's great theory has been tested and retested and has always come out on top. Most famously, the British astronomer Arthur Eddington observed a solar eclipse in May 1919 and concluded that starlight passing close to the sun was, indeed, bent in a manner consistent with Einstein's theory. Eddington's endorsement triggered global publicity for Einstein that made him a celebrity and the personification of scientific genius.爱因斯坦的伟大理论已被测试和重新测试，并一直出现在顶端。 最着名的是，英国天文学家亚瑟·爱丁顿（Arthur Eddington）在1919年5月观察到日食，并得出结论，靠近太阳的星光确实以与爱因斯坦理论一致的方式弯曲。 爱丁顿的赞同引发了爱因斯坦的全球宣传，使他成为名人和科学天才的化身。
(ref.:
The discovery of gravitational waves won the 2017 Nobel Prize in physics Tuesday. The three award winners, Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish and Kip S. Thorne, are members of the LIGO scientific collaboration, which stands for Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. They detected gravitational waves for the first time just two years ago, the echoes of a massive collision of two supermassive black holes.
When that detection was announced, The Washington Post explained why gravity is such a mysterious force and why it was so difficult to detect gravitational waves, even though they were predicted by Einstein. The explanation is republished below:
Gravity is invisible, as you may have noticed, and a little bit spooky, because it seems to reach across space to cause actions at a distance without any obvious underlying mechanism. What goes up must come down, but why that is so has never been obvious.
Physicists tell us there are four fundamental forces in the universe: Gravity, electromagnetism, the strong nuclear force and the weak nuclear force. Of these, gravity is the most anemic, and yet over cosmic expanses it has shaped the universe. In our solar system, it governs the planets and moons in their orbits. On Earth, it motivates the apple to fall from the tree. You can feel it in your bones.
Aristotle believed that an object fell to Earth because it sought its natural place. Heavier objects, Aristotle believed, fell faster; weight was an inherent property of the object.
In the late 16th and early 17th centuries, Galileo brought scientific experiments into the conversation, and he discovered that a heavy object and a light object actually fall at the same speed. One biographer claimed that he proved this by dropping two spheres from the Leaning Tower of Pisa, but the story may be apocryphal. (In 1971, Apollo 15 moonwalker David Scott did his own version of the experiment, dropping a geologist's hammer and a feather and showing that they hit the lunar surface simultaneously.)
Galileo also discovered that objects always fall with constant acceleration and along a parabolic curve. “Galileo’s observation that all falling objects trace a parabola is one of the most wonderful discoveries in all of science,” physicist Lee Smolin writes in his book “Time Reborn.”
Then came Isaac Newton. In the second half of the 17th century, he developed a universal law of gravity. He calculated that the attraction between two bodies was equal to the product of their masses divided by the square of the distance between them. This is true on Earth as well as in space. It explains the tides. It explains the motions of the planets around the sun. This is a basic law of nature, true anywhere in the universe.
But even Newton admitted that he didn’t understand the fundamental nature of this force. Newton could describe gravity mathematically, but he didn’t know how it achieved its effects.
In the early 20th century, Albert Einstein finally came up with an explanation, and it's rather astonishing. First he grasped that gravity and acceleration are the same thing. His General Theory of Relativity, formulated in 1915, describes gravity as a consequence of the way mass curves “space-time,” the fabric of the universe. It's all geometry. Objects in motion will move through space and time on the path of least resistance. A planet will orbit a star not because it is connected to the star by some kind of invisible tether, but because the space is warped around the star.
“Gravity, according to Einstein, is the warping of space and time,” Brian Greene wrote in his book “The Elegant Universe.”
The physicist John Wheeler had a famous saying: “Mass grips space by telling it how to curve, space grips mass by telling it how to move.”
Einstein's great theory has been tested and retested and has always come out on top. Most famously, the British astronomer Arthur Eddington observed a solar eclipse in May 1919 and concluded that starlight passing close to the sun was, indeed, bent in a manner consistent with Einstein's theory. Eddington's endorsement triggered global publicity for Einstein that made him a celebrity and the personification of scientific genius.
One of the predictions of Einstein’s equations (though Einstein himself wasn’t ready to buy in fully) was the existence of gravitational waves — ripples in the space-time fabric. Scientists in subsequent decades looked for such waves to no avail.
In the 1960s, University of Maryland physicist Joseph Weber built devices for detecting gravitational waves, and he claimed to have evidence of success, but his findings did not hold up to close scrutiny and the quest for Einstein's waves fell into disrepute.
But on Thursday, when one of Weber’s students, Kip Thorne, a legendary physicist at the California Institute of Technology, joined several colleagues in announcing the LIGO breakthrough, he made sure to mention Weber, who died in 2000. After the news briefing, he told reporters that Weber was the true founder of the field, and was just ahead of his time.
“We had to wait another 40 years,” Thorne said. “It does validate Weber in a way that’s significant. He was the only person in that era who thought that this could be possible.”
Thorne and other physicists ultimately persuaded the National Science Foundation to fund the creation of LIGO, which has two facilities, one in Livingston, La., and the other in Hanford, Wash.
The LIGO Laboratory operates two detector sites, one near Hanford in eastern Washington, and another near Livingston, La. This photo shows the Hanford detector site. (Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab)
LIGO had its detractors from the very start because it was going to be expensive and might detect nothing at all. These waves, if they existed, would be extremely subtle. It’s not like picking up the vibration from a passing truck. The gravitational waves, in theory, should contract or expand space by an almost infinitesimal amount. A detector a couple of miles long might become longer or shorter by less than the width of a subatomic particle.
Gravitational waves pass through everything and can't be directly captured. So the two LIGO facilities use a laser beam to try to deduce the passing of a gravitational wave. The beam is split in two, with each part bouncing off mirrors perched at the end of perpendicular, airless tubes about 2.5 miles long. When those cleaved beams again converge, they should align perfectly — unless some invisible gravitational waves have come trundling through the building, stretching one tube or compressing another and thereby changing the distances traveled by the beams.
One of the controversies over LIGO was simply about the name. Was it really an “observatory”? Some astronomers weren’t ready to go there. Astronomy has always been a science built around light. When astronomers talk about observing in the optical, the infrared, or with radio waves or gamma rays or X-rays, they are talking about different wavelengths of light, each creating its own visual picture of the universe.
But gravitational waves represent a new form of cosmic information. As the scientists told us today, it's a new way of seeing the universe — or, to use a better metaphor, of hearing the universe. Physicists say this is like adding sound to what we can already see.
The movie of the universe has always been spectacular, but it will be even better with sound.
Read more:
Nobel in physiology, medicine awarded to three Americans for discovery of ‘clock genes’
A year later, scientists keep listening to gravitational waves, the sound track of the cosmos
2016 Nobel Prize in physics awarded for revealing ‘the secrets of exotic matter’
Gravitational wave from black hole collision 1.8 billion light-years away sensed in U.S. and Italy
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Heritage landmarks of my horizons (我的视野的传统地标 ) - - -
** Epilogue **
转载授权说明 - Postscript(epilogue) - 阅读我写博文的视野角度 -
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四位一体, 四愿读写博文 Postscript(epilogue) for governing all my blog posts
独立的时空, 自由的思写。劳作 (Labor)、艺术 (art)、游戏 (game)、学问 (knowledge), 四位一体; 四愿读写博文: 正义(Justice)、良知 (conscience)、自由 (freedom)、独立 (independence)- leading to integrity, compassion, and mutual respect 。照镜验心,久而久之习惯自然, 我手写我心,写出心安而淡然、端然、坦然。
I can't ask or practice wisdom as I believe it's not by gain of your own effort but given by God like kindness, grace and mercy.
劳作（劳工），艺术，游戏，学问（知识）-
我不能要求或实践获得智慧，因为我相信这智慧不是因为你自己的努力而得到的，而是像上帝的慈爱，恩典和怜悯所给予的。
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