英文中的动名词
前面讲了不定时，是由动词带的短语，还记得吗？我这段时间呀，有点懒，还有就是看世界杯去了，不好意思了。I really enjoy watching the games. I wish that I could watch all the games. 前面一个句子里就有两个动词，两个动词到一起呀，有一个是主要的，另一个是次要的，主要的是句子里的谓语，次要的那个呢，处在配角的地位，在不定式时讲了，要在前面加to。但也不是所有的都可以加to的，譬如上面第一句就只能说I really enjoy watching the games, 而不能说成 I really enjoy to watch the games。 这里的watching the games就是一个短语，在句子的作用和不定式差不多，既然差不多为什么不都用不定式呢，这就是英文比较啰连(这个是土话，就是啰嗦的意思）。为什么没有出一个毛泽东呢，不然就会把英文给简化了，学起来多简单。这是不可能的，因为毛泽东就像太阳一样只能出在东方。既然没有毛泽东只能老老实实地学了。
为什么不能换成不定式呢，这个不仅是习惯而且还有些实际意义。比如 I stopped watching the game. I stopped to watch a game，意思就不一样，前面是说我停止观看球赛，而后面一句的意思是我停下来去看球赛。所以还是老老实实地学。
有些动词后面一般都用 to。譬如：I cannot afford to buy a car now. He agrees to come. I want to read now. 其它还有：ask, choose, expect, hope, pretend,promise, refuse.
有些动词后面一般都用动名词，譬如：I enjoy working (really?); I don't mind helping you learn English. 其它的如：avoid，consider，feel like, can't help, suggest, 等等。
有的后面两种都可以用。其中有的不管用不定式还是动名词意思都差不多，譬如：
I started reading the book yesterday; I started to read the book yesterday. 意思差不多，但前面比较强调过程，后面稍微注重些结果。
但也有的动词后面虽两种都可以接，但意思却不一样。上面讲到的Stop就是这样的。
动名词和不定式还有一个区别就是动名词好像是没有时态变化，一般都是指当时正在进行的动作。我说好像，有点不肯定是不是，哈哈，真的不肯定，在误人爹妈了。
好了，这周精读精听的链接在这里：
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/stories/king-pumpkins
今天的小笑话：
An airplane was about to crash.
There were 4 passengers on board, but only 3 parachutes.
The 1st passenger said “I am Stephen Curry, the best NBA basketball player. The Warriors and my millions of fans need me, and I can't afford to die.” So he took the 1st pack and left the plane.
The 2nd passenger, Donald Trump, said, “I am the newly-elected US President, and I am the smartest President in American history, so my people don't want me to die.” He took the 2nd pack and jumped out of the plane.
The 3rd passenger, the Pope, said to the 4th passenger, a 10-year-old schoolboy, “My son, I am old and don't have many years left, you have more years ahead so I will sacrifice my life and let you have the last parachute.”
The little boy said, “That's okay, Your Holiness, there's a parachute left for you.
America's smartest President took my schoolbag.”
