论语新得375

"我欲载之空言,不如见之于行事之深切著明也。"
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子曰:“赐也,女以予为多学而识之者与?”对曰:“然,非与?”曰:“非也,予一以贯之。”

“一以贯之”,曾参说是“忠恕而已”。我不这么认为。如果是的话,孔子就不会对子贡再说一遍了。

对上“忠”,对下“恕”,上下贯通就是“忠恕而已”,曾参的理解只在应用层面,是浅薄的,而且子曰,吾道一以贯之。”“忠”与“恕”为二而非一,显然不对。孔子不予说破,是不想打击他的积极性,但说“参也鲁”,而且高柴愚笨,曾参迟钝,颛孙师偏激,仲由莽撞,这四人放在一起说,显然对曾参评价不高。

曾参只知个人修德,不知其用,知下不知上,学而不用,岂不迟钝乎?

子贡,“货殖焉,亿则屡中。”出使齐国,解鲁之危。但其才杂多,故孔子希望他专一,一贯。

一以贯之,“一”我认为指的是“德”,个人修德以成君子,此为下;终极目标是“为政以德”,此为上;下学而上达,上下贯通关键在“德”。

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