美国著名大学再探

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美国著名高校之点滴

从《美国著名高校之点滴》出发,写完16个学校时,以《美国著名大学散记》做了个注脚。又写了7个学校,对美国高校认识更多了些,再做个小结。

顶尖五校( Harvard UniversityMITStanford UniversityPrinceton UniversityYale University)是令人羡慕的学校,她们的历史,招生的质量,毕业生就业机会,开创的公司,或成就的事业,对社会的影响;学校教授的水平,所在领域的地位,科研成就,大奖数目,在国际上的声誉,都是可以和其他任何一所高校相比较的。当然,还有几所学校,也可以和这五校并列成顶尖六校,七校,十校。总之,她们是不愁没有好的学生申请就读。“从候补名单上录取同样数目的学生来替补正式录取生,整届的学生水平都不会降低。”这是我们听到重复很多遍的“宣言”。对候补名单上的学生来说是安慰,也是无奈。毕竟她们每年只能招收几千新生。那几千幸运儿是令人羡慕的。也仅仅只是羡慕而已。这是我们在孩子申请大学之前就得到的忠告:这几所大学对所有学生最多都只是 “Reachable”(“Dream School”),没有人能说他百分百的能进入指定的其中某一所。所能做到的就是多申请几所,增加录取的机会(也称概率)。

每一年,有成千上万同样优秀的新生进入这些顶尖大学之外的其他高校。同时,其他精英高校为学生提供相同水平的教育机会,她们同样具有响亮的国际声誉。在某些领域,某些方面甚至更为出色。只是人类的记忆往往很短暂,能容纳和处理的信息比较小,所以对“顶尖五校”这样的简易用语有所偏好。只记下“令人羡慕的顶尖五校(Top5)”,却对其他学校视而不见,那怕是“令人自豪的三十精英学校(Top 30)”,“令人自信的百所名校(Top100)”,“令人自觉的四百强(Top400)”,“令人自强的优秀学校(All Colleges with Association of American Colleges and Universities:1400+members)”,甚至不屑地抛上九霄云外。

有些精英学校非常精致,因为规模小而为大众所忽视。这类学校中最杰出的是California Institute of Technology,还有常青藤中的Dartmouth College。当然还有人们常常提到的小常青藤文理学院。要知道,小的文理学院,小班教学,为学生提供更亲密的指导,因为大多没有研究生院,没有商法医等职业学院,主要精力都放在本科教学上,所以,她们更能做到“因才施教”,她们的教学质量往往为人称道。

另一方面,美国有很多好的公立大学。她们中许多是著名的研究型大学。许多教授都在从事各种各样的科研活动,或主持其他学术活动项目。她们为学生提供许多资源充沛的机会。有一些为优秀的学生还设立了Honors Program 或Honors College。那些顶尖的公立大学,如伯克利加大,密西根大学,在学术地位,科研成就,优秀的毕业生等众多评价高校的指数上,丝毫不让“顶尖五校”。 

学校有学校的考量(排名,荣誉,传统,招生,教学,营收,发展)。学生也有学生的考量(教学质量,专业学习环境,学校生活环境,幸福指数,声誉,就业, 前途)。这样就形成了由校训(Motto、校徽(Emblem)、 校歌(Song)、标志色(color)、吉祥物(mascot)、昵称/别称(Nickname)、球队、实验室和研究中心、校园建筑、创始人及创始使命、历任校长或重大发展的领导者、著名校友等等组成的各具特色的高等学校的传统及文化。

文理学院(小班教学,个体性指导)与公立研究型大学(众多选课,大型研究群体,众多科研机会)的长短形成鲜明的对照。也将以本科教育为对象的顶尖大学的评判得以分化和集中。相对而言,顶级的本科后(研究生)教育机构就多得多。

1) 中,南部的私立顶尖大学

University of ChicagoNorthwestern UniversityDuke UniversityWashington University at St. LouisVanderbilt University, Emory University, Rice UniversityUniversity of Notre Dame,Wake Forest University,Case Western Reserve University

2) 西部的私立顶尖大学

Stanford UniversityCalifornia Institute of Technology, University of Southern California, Claremont Colleges, Reed College, Colorado College, (Occidental College)

3) 东北部的私立顶尖大学(Ivy League 之外, LAC除外)

MIT, Johns Hopkins University, CMU, Georgetown University,Tufts University,NYU,Boston College,University of Rochester,Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

4) 美国东北部顶尖大学——常青藤联盟大学

Harvard UniversityYale University, Princeton University, Columbia University, University of PennsylvaniaCornell UniversityBrown University, Dartmouth College

5) 美国公立顶尖大学(Military之外)

University of California – Berkeley,University of Michigan - Ann Arbor,University of Virginia,College of William & Mary,University of California - Los Angeles,University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill,University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign,University of Maryland - College Park,University of Florida,University of Washington – Seattle,University of Texas – Austin,University of Wisconsin – Madison,University of California - San Diego,University of California - Santa Barbara,Georgia Institute of Technology

The original Public Ivies as Moll listed them in 1985:

Moll also offered in the same book "a list of worthy runners-up" and brief summaries of them:

6) 美国顶尖工科院校(学校以STEM为主):

MITCalifornia Institute of Technology, Carnegie Mellon University,Georgia Institute of Technology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,Worcester Polytechnic Institute,Olin College of EngineeringColorado School of Mines, Stevens Institute of Technology,Harvey Mudd College

7) 美国顶尖工科学校(学校的工程学院很强):

MITStanford UniversityUniversity of California – Berkeley,4- California Institute of Technology,4- Georgia Institute of Technology, 6- Carnegie Mellon University, 6- University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign,6- University of Michigan-Ann-Arbor,9- Cornell University, 9- Purdue University-West Lafayette,9- University of Texas-Austin,Princeton University, Virginia Tech,14- Johns Hopkins University,14- Northwestern University, 14- Texas A&M University-College Station, 14- University of Wisconsin-Madison,18- Columbia University,18- Duke University, 18- Rice University, 18-UCLA, 18- UCSD, 18- University of Washington,24Harvard University,24- Pennsylvania State University-University Park, 24- University of Maryland-College Park,24- University of Minnesota-Twin City,24-University of Pennsylvania, 24- University of South California,30 Ohio State University-Columbus, 

8) 美国顶尖理科(数理化很强)学校:

Princeton UniversityMITStanford UniversityHarvard UniversityCalifornia Institute of TechnologyUniversity of California – BerkeleyYale UniversityUniversity of ChicagoColumbia University, UCLA,Cornell University,UCSB, University of Michigan,University of Washington, UCSD,Northwestern University

9)顶尖文理学院和小常青藤(Little Ivies)

AmherstBatesBowdoinCarletonDartmouthGrinnellMiddleburyPomonaClaremont McKenna College), SwarthmoreWesleyan,and Williams College

Little Ivies:Amherst CollegeWesleyan University and Williams College joined Bowdoin College to found the New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC) in 1971 along with Bates CollegeColby CollegeHamilton CollegeMiddlebury CollegeTufts UniversityTrinity College and Union College。Union withdrew in 1977 and was replaced by Connecticut College in 1982。

10)新常青藤(New Ivies)

波士顿学院(Boston College),圣路易斯华盛顿大学(Washington University in St. Louis),弗吉尼亚大学(University of Virginia),加州大学洛杉矶分校(University of California,Los Angeles),北卡罗莱纳大学(University of North Carolina),罗彻斯特大学(University of Rochester),密歇根大学(University of Michigan),纽约大学(New York University),圣母大学(University of Notre Dame),范德比尔特大学(Vanderbilt University),埃默里大学(Emory University),莱斯大学(Rice University),斯基德莫尔学院(Skidmore College),塔夫斯大学(Tufts University),鲍登学院(Bowdoin College),卡内基梅隆大学(Carnegie Mellon University),肯阳学院(Kenyon College),玛卡莱斯特学院(Macalester College),富兰克林欧林工程学院(Olin College of Engineering),里德学院(Reed College), 伦斯勒理工学院(Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute), 克莱蒙特·麦肯纳学院联盟(Claremont:Harvey Mudd and Pomona), 科尔比学院(Colby College), 科尔盖特大学(Colgate University),戴维森学院(Davidson College)

1)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_American_Colleges_and_Universities

2)http://www.aascu.org/Default.aspx

3)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Ivies

4)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden_Ivies

5)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Ivy

6)https://www.newsweek.com/americas-25-new-elite-ivies-108771

7)https://www.niche.com/blog/top-25-ivy-league-competitors/

8)https://baike.baidu.com/item/新常春藤/7797158

 

 

风儿轻轻地吹 发表评论于
Cal Poly Slo(California Polytechnic State University)在什么位置? 该校的工程类很强
Nerds 发表评论于
Public Ivies:
The original Public Ivies as Moll listed them in 1985:[2]
? College of William & Mary (Williamsburg, Virginia)
? Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)
? University of California (nine campuses as of 1985)[7]
? University of Michigan (Ann Arbor)
? University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
? University of Texas at Austin
? University of Vermont (Burlington)
? University of Virginia (Charlottesville)
Moll also offered in the same book "a list of worthy runners-up" and brief summaries of them:[8]
? University of Colorado Boulder
? Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta)
? University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
? New College of the University of South Florida (Sarasota; now New College of Florida)
? Pennsylvania State University at University Park
? University of Pittsburgh
? State University of New York at Binghamton (now branded as Binghamton University)
? University of Washington (Seattle)
? University of Wisconsin–Madison

A book titled The Public Ivies: America's Flagship Public Universities (2001) by Howard and Matthew Greene of Greenes' Guides included 30 colleges and universities.[9] The table below is organized by region, and colleges are listed in alphabetical order.
Northeastern
Pennsylvania State University (University Park), Rutgers University (New Brunswick), State University of New York at Binghamton (also known as Binghamton University), University of Connecticut (Storrs)
Mid-Atlantic
University of Delaware (Newark), University of Maryland (College Park), College of William & Mary (Williamsburg, Virginia), University of Virginia (Charlottesville)
Southern
University of Florida (Gainesville), University of Georgia (Athens), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Texas at Austin
Western
University of Arizona (Tucson),University of California, Berkeley, University of California, Davis, University of California, Irvine, University of California, Los Angeles, University of California, San Diego, University of California, Santa Barbara, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Washington (Seattle)
Great Lakes & Midwest
Indiana University (Bloomington), Miami University (Oxford, Ohio), Michigan State University (East Lansing), Ohio State University (Columbus), University of Illinois (Urbana–Champaign), University of Iowa (Iowa City), University of Michigan (Ann Arbor), University of Minnesota (Minneapolis–Saint Paul), University of Wisconsin (Madison)
Nerds 发表评论于
回复 'haoren3' 的评论 : 你指的是University of Virginia?那是一所顶尖的公立(州立)大学。我希望今后能有时间好好探索一下这些公立大学。
haoren3 发表评论于
1) 中,南部的私立顶尖大学: 没有UVA?
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