全球抗疫的里程碑

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全球抗疫的里程碑

 

饱受煎熬的民众终于迎来了曙光。美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)在上周五(12/12)紧急授权使用第一种新冠疫苗 - 辉瑞/BioNTech,它由美国辉瑞公司(Pfizer Inc. ,PFE)和德国BioNTech SE联合研发,此举堪称是全球抗疫的一个重要的里程碑。

FDA表示,紧急授权使用与全面批准不一样,后者需要辉瑞另行提交申请才能获得。但是上周四(12/11),一个由23人组成的医学专家小组认为,该疫苗针对新冠病毒有效率高达95%,好处大于其风险,因此建议FDA授权紧急使用。

辉瑞/BioNTech疫苗是第一个在其测试过程的后期阶段显示出有效结果的新冠疫苗,它基于被称为信使核糖核酸(mRNA)的新技术。这种新疫苗使用来自新冠病毒的一小段遗传密码来引导身体对抗该病毒并建立免疫力,mRNA会指导人体内细胞制造病毒独有的‘尖状’蛋白。“当一个人接受这种疫苗时,他们的体内会生产尖状蛋白的副本。这不会导致患病,但会引发免疫系统做出防御性反应,产生针对新冠病毒的免疫。”该疫苗分两次注射,间隔21天,第二剂为加强剂。在注射第一剂后免疫力开始生效,在注射第二剂后七天达到全部效果。美中不足的是该款疫苗必须在超低温(-70 C

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