易经智慧-王夫之详解需卦九三:躁动不安,自取其祸

夏学,就是中华民族古老的智慧。在物质极其丰富,科技发达的今天,人最缺乏的是信仰和真正的生命智慧。而以易经为核心的华夏生命哲学,正好可以用来添补空虚的心灵,给人智慧和力量。
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易经智慧-王夫之详解需卦九三:躁动不安,自取其祸

 

水天需,易经第五卦。阳刚三君子面对危险的态度,因为远近而不同。初九“需于郊”,离险尚远,可以未雨绸缪;九二“需于沙”,离险很近,但是还没有到短兵相接的地步,只有言语方面的不快而已;九三“需于泥”,已经陷入泥淖必须肉搏了。他是如何走到如此境地,又该如何脱身呢?爻辞和《小象》辞如是说:

九三,需于泥,致寇至。《象》曰:需于泥,災在外也。自我致寇,敬慎不敗也。

九三,陷入泥淖,招致寇贼蜂拥而至。孔子在《小象》说,陷入泥淖,自己踏进去招致的灾难啊,只有敬慎才能成功脱险。

王船山说,泥,在水边而且是陷阱。九三刚在刚位,刚而又刚,是需卦当中急躁冒进而不顾安危者,这样会招致出乎意料之外的伤害,都是因为他的立场不对啊。

九三之所以遭致四面皆兵,“致寇至”,是因为他不审时度势,不会用需卦“等待”的功夫。结果冒然犯难,陷入凶险,导致群起而攻之。其解困之道还是“有孚光亨贞吉”,也就是孔子说的敬慎,敬慎于诚信(有孚) ,敬慎于天道(光),敬慎于睦邻友好(亨),敬慎于坚守正道(贞),如此方能趋吉避凶,走出困局啊!

 

王夫之原文:

泥,近於水而且陷矣。九三重剛躁進,需之急而不顧所處之不安,將有非意之傷至,則惟所處之非地以致之也。


------《周易内传》卷一上,衡阳王夫之撰 第32页









 

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