回复 '思芦' 的评论 : 【贝克的口头承诺发生在1981年,德国统一时。】President George H.W. Bush had assured Gorbachev during the Malta summit in December 1989 that the U.S. would not take advantage...
Secretary of State James Baker’s famous “not one inch eastward” assurance about NATO expansion in his meeting with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev on February 9, 1990,...
我错了1年,你错了9年。
【“普京上台后,曾数次提出俄罗斯加入北约”。普京从来没正式提出过。】
我也从来没说普京“正式”提出过。
我前一个版本是这么说的:普京上台后,(可能是开玩笑)曾经提出俄罗斯加入北约。
数次其实是包括了叶利钦以来,把数次放到普京头上应该有误。
Ex-Nato head says Putin wanted to join alliance early on in his rule
SOVIET DISARRAY; Yeltsin Says Russia Seeks to Join NATO
而且你看,贝克也滑头“neither the President nor I intend to...”。他不说“the United States government”,而只说“总统和我”,摆脱了国家政府不能随便说话的约束。含糊地以总统和国务卿的个人立场发表观点从而躲过了可能的国家义务。就跟在商务谈判中说“董事长和总经理如何如何”而不说“本公司保证”一样,那天吵翻了,对方没法说“你公司曾经答应”来追究违反合同。董事长和总经理都换过几茬了,你找谁说理去?
细思语境,“not only for the Soviet Union but for other European countries as well it is important to have guarantees that if the United States keeps its presence in Germany within the framework of NATO, not an inch of NATO’s present military jurisdiction will spread in an eastern direction.”
这里面的“other European countries”只能是指那些前华沙成员国,而“the United States keeps its presence in Germany within the framework of NATO”也明显是指(当时还没统一的)德国境内的北约驻军。当时北约、华约对峙对抗,“other European countries”和苏联一样不愿意北约靠近,根据这个逻辑才有“not only for the Soviet Union but for other European countries as well it is important...”。贝克当时做梦都想不到会出现前华沙条约小国主动申请加入北约的这一天,怎么可能保证“不接受‘other European countries’加入北约”即俄罗斯口中的“东扩”呢?
回复 '侃-侃' 的评论 : 关于东扩,我是根据视频中两位学者的观点而翻译,人家都说了,you can check archived documents that are open to public now. 我比较相信他们的看法,所以也没去查。既然你提出了不同的观点,我也只好去查archive了。
Not once, but three times, Baker tried out the “not one inch eastward” formula with Gorbachev in the February 9, 1990, meeting. He agreed with Gorbachev’s statement in response to the assurances that “NATO expansion is unacceptable.” Baker assured Gorbachev that “neither the President nor I intend to extract any unilateral advantages from the processes that are taking place,” and that the Americans understood that “not only for the Soviet Union but for other European countries as well it is important to have guarantees that if the United States keeps its presence in Germany within the framework of NATO, not an inch of NATO’s present military jurisdiction will spread in an eastern direction.”