https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/21/africa/uganda-lgbtq-law-passes-intl/index.html
当地时间3月21日，乌干达国会以387票同意、2票反对通过强硬的反同性恋法案，该法案规定涉及同性恋行为者或对同性恋活动进行招揽、推广和资助者，可被处以死刑。
根据英国《卫报》报道，3月21日，乌干达国会议员通过了一项有争议的反LGBTQ+法案，该法案规定同性恋行为可被处以死刑，这引起了当地权利运动者的强烈谴责。周二晚些时候，389名立法者中除两人外，全部投票支持强硬的反同性恋法案，该法案对同性性行为和“招揽、推广和资助”同性“活动”规定了死刑和终身监禁。
乌干达法律和议会事务主席罗宾娜·鲁瓦库霍提交的法案写道：“犯有严重同性恋罪的人，一经定罪，将被判处死刑”。
只有两名来自执政党的议员Fox Odoi-Oywelowo和Paul Kwizera Bucyana反对这项新法案。Odoi-Oywelowo说：“该法案考虑不周，它包含了违反宪法的条款，逆转了在打击基于性别的暴力方面取得的成果。”
该法案的早期版本曾引起了广泛的国际批评，后来被乌干达宪法法院以程序性理由宣布无效。该法案现在将提交给穆塞韦尼总统，他可以否决或签署该法案成为法律。在最近的一次讲话中，他似乎对该法案表示支持。
人权运动者谴责了这一严酷法案，将其描述为 “仇恨立法”。
同性性行为一直不被乌干达承认。根据英国广播公司BBC的报道，2013年，乌干达议会曾通过法案，提高对同性恋行为的刑罚，最高可以被判终身监禁。法案还包括，对同性恋行为“知情不报”也是犯罪行为，能被判入狱服刑。该法案对象包括在乌干达的外国人在内。
Uganda parliament passes bill criminalizing identifying as LGBTQ, imposes death penalty for some offenses
https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/21/africa/uganda-lgbtq-law-passes-intl/index.html
By Larry Madowo and Catherine Nicholls, CNN March 22, 2023
Ugandan lawmakers on Tuesday approved some of the world’s harshest anti-gay laws, making some crimes punishable by death and imposing up to 20 years in prison for people identifying as LGBTQ+.
The new legislation constitutes a further crackdown on LGBTQ+ people in a country where same-sex relations were already illegal – punishable by life imprisonment. It targets an array of activities, and includes a ban on promoting and abetting homosexuality as well as conspiracy to engage in homosexuality, Reuters reported.
According to the bill, the death penalty can be invoked for cases involving “aggravated homosexuality” – a broad term used in the legislation to describe sex acts committed without consent or under duress, against children, people with mental or physical disabilities, by a “serial offender,” or involving incest.
“A person who commits the offense of aggravated homosexuality and is liable, on conviction to suffer death,” read the amendments, which were presented by the chairperson for legal and parliamentary affairs Robina Rwakoojo.
Opposition lawmaker Asuman Basalirwa introduced the Anti Homosexuality Bill 2023 to parliament, saying it aims to “protect our church culture; the legal, religious and traditional family values of Ugandans from the acts that are likely to promote sexual promiscuity in this country.”
“The objective of the bill was to establish a comprehensive and enhanced legislation to protect traditional family values, our diverse culture, our faiths, by prohibiting any form of sexual relations between persons of the same sex and the promotion or recognition of sexual relations between persons of the same sex,” Basalirwa said on Tuesday.
Lawmaker Fox Odoi-Oywelowo spoke out against the bill, saying it “contravenes established international and regional human rights standards” as it “unfairly limits the fundamental rights of LGBTQ+ persons.”
Rights advocacy group Human Rights Watch (HRW) warned earlier this month that the law would violate Ugandans’ rights.
“One of the most extreme features of this new bill is that it criminalizes people simply for being who they are as well as further infringing on the rights to privacy, and freedoms of expression and association that are already compromised in Uganda,” HRW Uganda researcher Oryem Nyeko said in a statement that called on politicians in the country to “stop targeting LGBT people for political capital.”
The bill is expected to eventually go to Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni for assent. Museveni last week derided homosexuals as “deviants.”
Anti-LGBTQ+ sentiment is deeply entrenched in the highly conservative and religious East African nation.
Uganda made headlines in 2009 when it introduced an anti-homosexuality bill that included a death sentence for gay sex.
The country’s lawmakers passed a bill in 2014, but they replaced the death penalty clause with a proposal for life in prison. That law was ultimately struck down.
CNN’s Hannah Ritchie contributed reporting.
Uganda anti-gay law challenged in court
Ugandan activists are seeking to overturn the country's tough anti-gay law by petitioning the constitutional court to declare it invalid.
Signed by Uganda's veteran president, Yoweri Museveni, in February, the law calls for homosexuals to be jailed for life, outlaws the promotion of homosexuality and obliges Ugandans to denounce gay people to the authorities.
The activists argue that the law was passed in parliament without the necessary quorum of lawmakers. The 10 petitioners – including two Ugandan rights organisations – also claim that the law violates the constitutional right to privacy and dignity, as well as the right to be free from discrimination and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment.
Judges have adjourned the hearings until Friday, when they are expected to rule on the quorum issue.
Ugandan state lawyers defended the law on Thursday, the second day of the hearings, asking judges to dismiss the petition. "There is no evidence about the quorum," state attorney Patricia Mutesa told the court in the capital, Kampala.
But prominent gay-rights activist Frank Mugisha, one of the petitioners, said he was optimistic that judges would rule in favour of scrapping the law. "I think that we could have a very good judgment tomorrow, and if we get that judgment then it's over – and we just have to celebrate," said Mugisha, who heads the Sexual Minorities Uganda group.
Anti-gay preacher Martin Ssempa, who was also in court, said he feared the "judicial abortion of our bill" due to international pressure.
"This case is moving at lightning speed," he said, claiming the petition was being pushed to polish Uganda's international reputation before Museveni travels to Washington next week to meet President Barack Obama at a landmark US-Africa summit.
"There are efforts … to drum up a legal precedent to try to show [Washington] that, 'Hey, we are not that bad on homosexuality,'" Ssempa claimed.
The US secretary of state, John Kerry, has likened the Ugandan law to antisemitic legislation in Nazi Germany.
