Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China (ROC), did participate in the Korean War, but its involvement was complex and nuanced.
Military Contribution
The ROC sent military aid and advisers to South Korea, but it did not deploy its own troops directly under the United Nations Command (UNC). However:
Taiwanese pilots flew combat missions: ROC air force pilots flew F-51 Mustangs and F-86 Sabre jets as part of the U.S. Air Force's 18th Fighter-Bomber Wing.
Naval support: ROC naval vessels helped transport supplies and troops.
Medical and logistical support: Taiwan provided medical aid, supplies, and technical assistance.
Reasons for Limited Involvement
The ROC's participation was limited due to:
U.S. policy: The United States, seeking to avoid escalating tensions with Communist China, restricted Taiwan's direct military involvement.
Domestic priorities: Taiwan focused on defending against potential Communist Chinese invasion.
Sources:
"The Korean War and Taiwan" by the Taiwan Ministry of National Defense
"Taiwan's Participation in the Korean War" by the ROC Ministry of Foreign Affairs
"The Korean War: A Military History" by Bruce Cumings
Keep in mind that historical records might vary depending on sources and perspectives.