拿钱走人！瑞典将大幅提高“离境补助金”，让移民自愿离开，最高达数十万
据报道，当地时间9月12日，瑞典新上任的移民部长约翰·福塞尔称，该国将向移民支付高达35万瑞典克朗（约合人民币24万元）的回国补助。
瑞典政府官网11日发表的一份声明称，该国首相克里斯特松10日对内阁成员职位进行了调整，前外贸大臣兼国际发展合作大臣福塞尔成为新移民部长。福塞尔称，这一补助计划将是该国“拐点型”移民政策的一部分。
约翰·福塞尔
福塞尔在媒体会上宣布，从2026年起，自愿离开瑞典的移民最高将获得35万瑞典克朗。据了解，这个坐落于斯堪的纳维亚半岛的北欧国家目前向自愿离开的移民提供的补助额度为：成人最高为1万瑞典克朗、儿童最高为5000瑞典克朗，每户家庭最高可获得4万瑞典克朗。
极右翼政党瑞典民主党成员卢德维格·阿斯普林解释称，这项补助措施自1984年就有了，但补助金额较小且知道的人也不多，所以通过这项措施获得补助的人也很少。按照福塞尔的说法，去年该国只有一个人接受了这项补助（离开瑞典）。“如果有更多人知道这项补助措施，可能就有更多移民选择拿钱离开。”阿斯普林称，那些失业者或者主要依靠政府救济生活的移民可能对这项措施感兴趣。
瑞典卡尔斯塔德大学跨文化研究高级讲师托拜厄斯·胡比内特曾介绍，近一百年来，瑞典都是一个移民国家。自2011年欧洲难民危机以来，包括瑞典在内的北欧多国就接受了大量来自中东、西亚和非洲地区的难民。2015年，时任瑞典外交大臣的玛戈特·瓦尔斯特伦宣布瑞典为“人道主义超级大国”，并向超过16万寻求庇护的人开放边境。
▲2015年，在瑞典政府机构外等待安排的难民
外来移民的增多，也让瑞典的暴力犯罪案件增加。2015年底，瑞典政府开始缩紧移民政策。2022年9月的瑞典议会选举中，坚定反移民的瑞典民主党一跃成为议会第二大党。此后，瑞典便进一步收紧移民政策。今年8月，有报道称，时任移民部长玛丽亚·马尔默·斯特纳加德宣布该国50年来首次出现“出境人数超过入境人数”的情况。
事实上，除了瑞典，挪威、丹麦、法国和德国也在向自愿离开的移民提供补贴金。2009年有报道称，丹麦从1997年便提出了这一补贴方案，到2009年时补贴金额已经涨至约每人12000英镑（约合人民币11.2万元），这一数字是1997年初始补贴金额的10倍；丹麦现在最多可向自愿离境的移民提供约15万元人民币的补贴金。挪威提供的补贴金额约1400美元（约合人民币9932元）、法国提供的补贴金约2800美元（约合人民币19864元）、德国提供的补贴金约2000美元（约合人民币14188元）。
Reporting of rape is far higher in Sweden than in most other countries (file pic)
瑞典政府官网11日发表的一份声明称，该国首相克里斯特松10日对内阁成员职位进行了调整，前外贸大臣兼国际发展合作大臣福塞尔成为新移民部长。福塞尔称，这一补助计划将是该国“拐点型”移民政策的一部分。
福塞尔在媒体会上宣布，从2026年起，自愿离开瑞典的移民最高将获得35万瑞典克朗。据了解，这个坐落于斯堪的纳维亚半岛的北欧国家目前向自愿离开的移民提供的补助额度为：成人最高为1万瑞典克朗、儿童最高为5000瑞典克朗，每户家庭最高可获得4万瑞典克朗。
极右翼政党瑞典民主党成员卢德维格·阿斯普林解释称，这项补助措施自1984年就有了，但补助金额较小且知道的人也不多，所以通过这项措施获得补助的人也很少。按照福塞尔的说法，去年该国只有一个人接受了这项补助（离开瑞典）。“如果有更多人知道这项补助措施，可能就有更多移民选择拿钱离开。”阿斯普林称，那些失业者或者主要依靠政府救济生活的移民可能对这项措施感兴趣。
瑞典卡尔斯塔德大学跨文化研究高级讲师托拜厄斯·胡比内特曾介绍，近一百年来，瑞典都是一个移民国家。自2011年欧洲难民危机以来，包括瑞典在内的北欧多国就接受了大量来自中东、西亚和非洲地区的难民。2015年，时任瑞典外交大臣的玛戈特·瓦尔斯特伦宣布瑞典为“人道主义超级大国”，并向超过16万寻求庇护的人开放边境。
▲2015年，在瑞典政府机构外等待安排的难民
外来移民的增多，也让瑞典的暴力犯罪案件增加。2015年底，瑞典政府开始缩紧移民政策。2022年9月的瑞典议会选举中，坚定反移民的瑞典民主党一跃成为议会第二大党。此后，瑞典便进一步收紧移民政策。今年8月，有报道称，时任移民部长玛丽亚·马尔默·斯特纳加德宣布该国50年来首次出现“出境人数超过入境人数”的情况。
事实上，除了瑞典，挪威、丹麦、法国和德国也在向自愿离开的移民提供补贴金。2009年有报道称，丹麦从1997年便提出了这一补贴方案，到2009年时补贴金额已经涨至约每人12000英镑（约合人民币11.2万元），这一数字是1997年初始补贴金额的10倍；丹麦现在最多可向自愿离境的移民提供约15万元人民币的补贴金。挪威提供的补贴金额约1400美元（约合人民币9932元）、法国提供的补贴金约2800美元（约合人民币19864元）、德国提供的补贴金约2000美元（约合人民币14188元）。
Sweden rape: Most convicted attackers foreign-born, says TV
Reporting of rape is far higher in Sweden than in most other countries (file pic)About 58% of men convicted in Sweden of rape and attempted rape over the past five years were born abroad, according to data from Swedish national TV.
Public broadcaster SVT said it had counted all court convictions to present a complete picture in Sweden.
But Sweden had thousands more reported rapes, and there is no ethnic breakdown for those.
Immigration and crime are major issues in Sweden's general election campaign. The vote is on 9 September.
The anti-immigration Sweden Democrats hope to make significant ground, although they have slipped to third place in the latest opinion poll.
The Mission Investigation programme, due to be broadcast on Wednesday by SVT, said the total number of offenders over five years was 843. Of those, 197 were from the Middle East and North Africa, with 45 coming from Afghanistan.
"We are very clear in the programme that it is a small percentage of the people coming from abroad who are convicted of rape," chief editor Ulf Johansson told the BBC.
He pointed out that the number of reported rapes in Sweden was far higher, so no conclusions could be drawn on the role of immigrants in sexual attacks.
When Sweden took in its highest number of asylum seekers in 2015, the number of reported rapes declined by 12%. At the height of the migration crisis, some 160,000 migrants arrived there - more per capita than any other EU country.
The steep rise in migration also raised questions about Sweden's ability to integrate immigrants. The centre-left Social Democrat-led government soon introduced restrictions and the number of arrivals fell dramatically.
The SVT programme revealed that in cases where the victim did not know the attacker, the proportion of foreign-born offenders was more than 80%.
A former police officer born in Afghanistan told the programme that some young Afghans who had come to Sweden in recent years had views that differed significantly from Sweden's idea of sexual equality.
Responding to the report on Wednesday, key figures in both the populist Sweden Democrats (SD) and the centre-right Moderates said foreigners convicted of rape should be deported.
The latest opinion poll on Wednesday suggests the populist party's support has dipped in recent weeks to just over 19% in the polls, but it is still on course for its best performance yet. The Social Democrats are leading the polls while the Moderates are just ahead of the anti-immigration SD.
When asked why SVT had decided to produce a potentially inflammatory programme ahead of the election, Ulf Johansson stressed that every political party was tackling issues around immigration and it was important to give Swedes a better insight into their society.
When asked why SVT had decided to produce a potentially inflammatory programme ahead of the election, Ulf Johansson stressed that every political party was tackling issues around immigration and it was important to give Swedes a better insight into their society.
"I don't think this will have an effect on the election," he said. "There has been a lot of debate already about this and it's just more facts in an existing debate."
In May, Sweden changed its laws, to make sex without consent rape. Until then prosecutors had to prove that violence had been used or the victim had been exploited in a vulnerable condition.
