热点话题 时间 2023年5月6日
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3hvRKuBu-8
吴健雄（1912年5月31日—1997年2月16日），女，出生于江苏省苏州市太仓浏河镇 [9]（一说出生于中国上海市 [5]），原籍江苏太仓。美籍华裔物理学家，中国科学院外籍院士，美国国家科学院院士，美国艺术与科学院院士，台湾“中央研究院”院士。
吴健雄1934年毕业于中央大学物理系；1936年赴美国留学；1940年获美国加利福尼亚大学博士学位；1942年夏任教于美国史密斯学院；1944年3月进入哥伦比亚大学原子弹研究重点实验室，参加了美国“曼哈顿计划”；1958年当选为美国国家科学院院士、台湾“中央研究院”院士；1972年当选为美国艺术和科学院院士；1994年当选为中国科学院外籍院士；1997年2月16日在美国纽约病逝，享年85岁。
吴健雄长期从事实验核物理方面的研究。
1997年2月16日，吴健雄因病在纽约家中去世，骨灰随后被安放在家乡江苏省明德中学。吴健雄逝世前曾参与美国“曼哈顿计划”，参与制造第一颗原子弹。尽管她去世时拥有美国国籍，但家人将她的骨灰安葬在中国，墓碑上写着“她是一位杰出的世界公民，永远的中国人”。那么吴健雄在科学领域的成就到底是什么？为什么她帮助美国人制造了原子弹，改变了国籍，还被称为永远的中国人？今天，我们来认识一下“中国的居里夫人”——吴建雄。
1997年2月16日，吴建雄因病在纽约家中逝世，骨灰被安放在她去世前的家乡——中国江苏省明达中学。吴建雄曾参与美国曼哈顿计划，参与制造第一颗原子弹，尽管她去世时拥有美国国籍，但她的家人将她的骨灰埋在中国，墓碑上写着“她是一位杰出的世界公民，永远的中国人”。吴建雄在科学领域取得了哪些成就？她为什么帮助美国人制造原子弹？为什么改变了国籍，仍然被称为永远的中国人？今天，我们来认识一下中国的居里夫人和吴建雄。
1936年，24岁的吴倩江
赴美留学，就读于加州大学伯克利分校物理系，专攻核物理研究，后到波士顿著名的史密斯学院任助理教授，不久又到普林斯顿大学为参与国防项目的军官讲授物理，由于她长期与军官的交往，以及她出色的个人能力，很快被美国当局选中，加入国防部最高级别的绝密任务曼哈顿计划，吴倩江成为唯一一位参与制造原子弹行动的华人女性，以高级科学家身份进入哥伦比亚大学实验室，与吴雄为美国原子弹的制造做出了相当大的贡献，至今大多数核电站都使用锆棒燃料棒来防止吸收气体1945年7月16日，一声巨响，人类历史上第一颗原子弹在新墨西哥州的沙漠中成功引爆，这种人类历史上威力最大、杀伤力最大的热武器，开启了世界军事史的新纪元。三周后，美军在日本广岛和长崎投下了原子弹。在这种前所未有的恐惧和恐吓之下，第二次世界大战终于结束，中国也结束了14年的对日战争。一些人认为，钱紫苑对曼哈顿计划的贡献对中国有着不可估量的意义。这两颗原子弹使无数中国人免于在战场上牺牲生命。事实上，作为唯一参与曼哈顿计划的中国女性，我们用她独特的方法结束了战争，拯救了无数在战火中受苦受难的人们。除了诺贝尔奖获得者 曾获美国总统颁发的国家科学奖章 美国国家科学院颁发的康斯托克物理学奖 爱因斯坦学会颁发的爱因斯坦奖章 莫斯科理论与实验物理研究所颁发的波美拉尼亚查克奖 以色列颁发的沃尔夫物理学奖 总之，她获得了所有重大科学奖项，尽管她在国外取得了很高的成就 她没有忘记自己是中国人，始终关心着中国的科研发展 她的父亲吴忠义是一位教育家，在当地创办了明达女子职业学校，成为她童年成长的重要引路人 小学毕业后，她以优异的成绩考入苏乔第二女子师范学校 18岁，她就读于苏乔第二女子师范学校数学系她以奖学金考入南京中央大学，由于受到居里夫人的影响，对物理产生了浓厚的兴趣，从数学系转到物理系，在这里真正走上了寻求科学真理的道路，也许她从未想过，多年后，自己会和居里夫人同名，当时中国正处于内外经济繁荣时期动乱时期，根本没有足够的条件让她继续学习物理，吴思远思量之后，决定暂时离开祖国，到科学研究最先进的美国去学习，她知道国家和民族正处于最危险的时刻，但自己的力量太弱，只能从美国带回更先进的物理知识，为了实现中华民族的复兴，1936年她离开家乡，去美国留学，几年后吴思远爱上了著名的美籍华裔物理学家袁天罡，并与他结婚，在漫长的人生路上，她的丈夫袁天罡在她的个人生活和学术研究中都扮演了重要的角色，成为她成功道路上不可或缺的关键人物，他们都是爱国者，但因为当时中国正处于抗日战争时期，他们不能回国报效祖国，吴思远很幸运有机会参与加速日本投降、为中华民族作出贡献的曼哈顿计划吴氏夫妇在中国时，对抗战结束后蒋介石的不抵抗政策一直心怀不满，对蒋介石建国后发动内战感到愤怒吴氏夫妇迫切希望立即回国，但由于中美关系尚未缓和，不得不放弃，终于在1971年，随着亨利·基辛格的来访，中美关系恢复正常，杨振宁成为第一位回大陆访问的中国科学家两年后吴氏夫妇踏上了回国的旅程，他们先到广州，然后回到家乡拉合巷，最后来到人民大会堂此时北京的人民齐江夫妇吴、袁会见了新中国领导人之一的乔总理，就中国的科研问题谈了六个多小时，为乔总理提出了许多宝贵的建议。此后，她和吴、袁连续几年从美国回到中国讲学，为本国许多科研项目提供建设性建议，并为国外提供了足够的支持。如何才能推动我国科研工作的长远发展吴、袁深深认识到，新中国不缺人才，缺的是良好的科研教育环境，因此，未来我国的科技发展不能只靠一两个名人，而必须从教育做起1978年，中国科学技术大学副校长包章默率团赴美出席在斯坦福大学举行的电子同步加速器用户年会，会上，她与史安武、袁向同胞详细介绍了美国科学界的动态，并运用专业知识和经验，对中国科学技术大学正在建设的同步加速器的工程设计提出了关键建议，中国科学技术大学代表团成员深受启发，热情邀请包章默夫妇到美国来参观访问他们接受邀请，对中国科学技术大学作了详细的考察和分析，并向全校师生作了两次关于八十年代中微子和高能物理研究及高能加速器的进展的报告，帮助学生接触当今世界上最先进的物理知识。1984年9月，中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室即将破土动工，袁将再次回到祖国，在美国的岁月里提供学术指导。他们始终关心着中国科技实力的发展和科技人才的培养，因此，在1997年江建去世后，她嘱咐家人把她的骨灰安葬在家乡的明达中学，以激励每一位学生为中国科学的发展而努力。虽然江建吴小晖没有获得诺贝尔奖，但她有比诺贝尔奖更珍贵的东西。在北京大学为她举行的纪念大会上，李章道先生引用居里夫人的话来评价她。我们不仅要记住她在工作中的成就，还要记住她的成功和知识，她的高尚品德和人格，这些对未来和历史都至关重要。吴建江没有获得诺贝尔奖，她在物理学领域的贡献，以及她为人类和平发展所做的努力，足以让她扬名立万，虽然身在异国他乡，她和熊老师依然默默地为中国科技发展贡献着自己的每一点知识和经验，她永远是中国人，谢谢观看，如果您有什么建议，请在评论区留言，我们会尽快回来查看，然后给予反馈，下次见
She invented the atomic bomb for the USA, but the tombstone is engraved an eternal Chinese？
Hot Topics Time 2023年5月6日
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3hvRKuBu-8
On February 16, 1997, Wu Jianxiong or Chien-Shiung Wu passed away due to illness at her home in New York. Her ashes were later placed in Mingde High School in Jiangsu Province, China, which is her hometown. Before her passing, Wu had participated in the American "Manhattan Project" and helped manufacture the first atomic bomb. Despite holding American citizenship at the time of her death, her family buried her ashes in China, with her tombstone reading, "She was an outstanding global citizen and a forever Chinese person."
So what were Chien-Shiung Wu's achievements in the scientific field? Why did she help the Americans make an atomic bomb, change her citizenship, and still be referred to as a forever Chinese person? Today, let's get to know "China's Madame Curie" - Chien-Shiung Wu.
on February 16 1997 Wu jinxiong or
chianchiung Wu passed away due to
illness at her home in New York
her ashes were later placed in mingda
high school in jonsu Province China
which is her hometown before her passing Wu had participated
in the American Manhattan Project and
helped manufacture the first atomic bomb
despite holding American citizenship at
the time of her death her family buried
her ashes in China with her tombstone
reading she was an outstanding Global
Citizen and a forever Chinese person
so what were Chien Chiang Woo's achievements in the scientific field
why did she help the Americans make an
atomic bomb change her citizenship and
still be referred to as a forever
Chinese person today let's get to know China's Madame
Curie Chi and Chiang woo.
in 1936 24 year old chian Chiang Wu
traveled to the United States to study
at the University of California
Berkeley's physics department
she specialized in nuclear physics
research afterwards she went to the famous Smith
college in Boston as an assistant
professor and soon moved to Princeton
University to teach physics to Military
Officers participating in defense
programs because of her long-term
interaction with Military Officers as
well as her outstanding personal
abilities who was quickly selected by
the U.S authorities to join the highest
level of the defense Department's top
secret mission the Manhattan Project Wu
became the only Chinese woman to
participate in the action of making
atomic bombs entering the laboratory at
Columbia University as a senior
scientist she and xiong Wu made a
considerable contribution to the
production of the American atomic bomb
to this day most nuclear power plants
use zirconium alliclet fuel rods to
prevent the gas that absorbs neutrons
from spilling out which was inspired by
Wu's work on July 16 1945 with a loud
noise the first atomic bomb in human
history was successfully detonated in a
desert in New Mexico this thermal weapon
the most power powerful and lethal in
human history ushered in a new era in
World military history three weeks later
the U.S military dropped atomic bombs on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan
under this unprecedented fear and
intimidation World War II finally ended
and China ended its 14-year war against
Japan because of this some believe that
Chien Shion was contribution to the
Manhattan Project has an immeasurable
significance for China these two atomic bombs spared countless
Chinese people from sacrificing their
lives on the battlefield indeed as the
only Chinese woman to participate in the
Manhattan Project we used her unique
methods to end the war and rescue
countless people suffering in the Flames
of War thank you aside from the Nobel Prize who has
received the national medal of science
presented by the president of the United
States The Comstock Prize in physics
awarded by the National Academy of
Sciences the Albert Einstein medal from
the Albert Einstein Society the pomeran
Chuck prize from The Institute of
theoretical and experimental physics in
Moscow and the Wolf Prize in physics
from Israel in short she has won every major
scientific award that exists despite her
High achievements in foreign countries
who has not forgotten that she is a
Chinese and always cares about the
development of scientific research in
China her father zhongi Wu was an
educator who founded the mingda women's
Vocational School locally and became an
important guide for her growth in
childhood after graduating from
elementary school who was admitted to
sujo's Second girl's normal school with
excellent grades at the age of 18 she was enrolled in the
Department of Mathematics at Nanjing
Central University with a scholarship
due to the influence of Madame Curie she
had a great interest in physics and
transferred from the Department of
Mathematics to the Department of physics
here what truly embarked on the path of
seeking scientific truth perhaps she never imagined that she
would be named with Madame Curie years
later at that time China was in a period
of internal and external turmoil and
there were simply not enough conditions
for her to further study Physics
after thinking it over Wu decided to
temporarily leave her motherland and go
to the United States where scientific
research was most advanced to study who
knew that the country and the nation
were in the most dangerous moment but
her own strength was too weak
she can only bring back more advanced
physics Knowledge from the United States
to achieve the Rejuvenation of the
Chinese nation in 1936 will left her
hometown and went to the United States
to study a few years later Wu fell in love with
and married Yuan T Ali a well-known
chinese-american physicist on the long
road of Life her husband Yuan T Ali
played a great role in both her personal
life and academic research becoming an
indispensable key figure on her path to
success both of them were patriots but
because China was in the period of the
war of resistance against Japan they
could not return home to serve their
country fortunately Wu had the opportunity to
participate in the Manhattan Project
which accelerated Japan's surrender and
contributed to the Chinese Nation when
Wu and Yuan T Lee were in China they
were always dissatisfied with Chiang
kai-shek's policy of non-resistance
after the end of the war of resistance
they were angry with Chiang kaishek for
launching the civil war after the
founding of the People's Republic of
China Wu and her husband were eager to
return to their motherland immediately
but they had to give up due to the fact
that the relationship between China and
the United States had not yet eased
finally in 1971 with the visit of Henry
Kissinger sino-us relations returned to
normal and Chen ning Yang was the first
Chinese scientist to return to the
mainland for a visit two years later Wu
and her husband embarked on their
Journey back to China they first arrived in Guangzhou then
returned to their hometown of lahexiang
and finally came to the Great Hall of
the people in Beijing at this point the
couple Chi and Chiang Wu and Yuan met
with Premier Johan lay one of the
leaders of New China they talked about the scientific
research issues of China for more than
six hours providing Premier Joe with
many valuable suggestions since then she
and she on Wu and Yuan have returned to
China from the United States for several
consecutive years to give lectures and
provide constructive suggestions for
many scientific research projects in
their home country as well as offering
sufficient support foreign.
how can we promote the long-term
development of scientific research work
in China Wu and Yuan deeply understand that new
China does not lack talent but rather a
good educational environment for
scientific research therefore the
scientific and technological development
of China cannot rely solely on one or
two famous people in the future but must
start with education in 1978 vice
president Bao zhangmo of the University
of Science and Technology of China led a
delegation to the United States to
attend the annual meeting of users of
electron synchrotron accelerators held
at Stanford University at the meeting
she and shianwu and Yuan gave a detailed
introduction to their compatriots on the
Dynamics of the U.S scientific community
and used their Professional Knowledge
and experience to make key suggestions
for the engineering design of the
synchrotron accelerator that the
University of Science and Technology of
China was building the members of the
delegation from the University of
Science and Technology of China were
deeply inspired and warmly invited the
couple to visit them accepted the invitation and made a
detailed investigation and Analysis of
the University of Science and Technology
of China they also gave two reports to
the faculty and students neutrinos in
the 1980s and progress in high energy
physics research and high energy
accelerators to help students access the
most advanced physics knowledge in the
world today in September 1984 the
national synchrotron radiation
laboratory of the University of Science
and Technology of China was about to
break ground and Yuan and will once
again return to their home country to
provide academic guidance
during their years in the United States
they were always concerned about the
development of China's scientific and
technological strength and the
cultivation of scientific and
technological talents therefore after
Chien Chiang was death in 1997 she asked
her family to bury her ashes in mingda
Middle School in her hometown in order
to inspire every student to strive for
the development of Chinese science
although Chien Chiang Wu did not receive
the Nobel Prize she has something more
precious than the Nobel Prize at the
commemorative Conference held for her at
Peking University Mr Lee Zhang Dao
quoted Madame Curie to evaluate her
we should not only remember her
achievements in her work but also her
success and knowledge her noble
character and morality and personality
which are crucial for the future and
history although Chien Chiang Wu did not
receive the Nobel Prize her
contributions to the field of physics
and her efforts for the peaceful
development of mankind are enough to
make a name even though she is in a
foreign country she and xiong was still
silently contributes every bit of her
knowledge and experience to the
development of Science and Technology in
China she is a Chinese forever well thanks for
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