I first noticed the important number 2.1 was in the webcast of a professor. 2.1 is the number of children every women have (total fertility rate, not birth rate) in order to maintain the population. The professor did say this number was crossed (downward) in many countries including Catholic countries where abortion and condom are supposed to be forbidden.
The reason is: education of women.
But this number is so important of a country's development, every government should be aware. This professor predicted China's economy will fall like Japan and Indian economy will move pass China (he is Indian) if just based on this number.
Here is the web site ***kff.org/global-indicator/total-fertility-rate/. A few numbers: Japan 1.40, Korea 1.25, China 1.55, India 2.51, Mexico 2.29, Russia 1.61, US 2.01, UK 1.90. See some pattern?