学诗心得之七:“折”字的读音



“折”字在现代汉语里读平声,即拼音的第一、二声。

读张九龄的

《感遇》 
 
兰叶春葳蕤,桂华秋皎洁。
欣欣此生意,自尔为佳节。
谁知林栖者,闻风坐相悦。
草木有本心,何求美人折?

总觉得最后的韵脚“折”跟“洁节悦”站成一行很别扭,因为现代汉语里“折”字读zhe或she,跟jie或yue相去太远。

查书,按照诗韵:“折”有三读:

上平声:八齐;
入声:九屑;
入声:十六叶。

如此,若按入声读,则“折”的韵母大约是ie,这样跟“洁节悦”就和谐了。

从上面可以看出,在古典诗词里“折”字作动词时,读入声,即仄声。下面这首诗很典型:

《金缕衣》(唐.杜秋娘)

劝君莫惜金缕衣,劝君惜取少年时。
花开堪折直须折,莫待无花空折枝。

三个“折”字都是仄声。


至于“折”读“上平声:八齐”的,除了找到岑参的名句:

北风卷地白草折,胡天八月即飞雪。

之外,还没找到用“折”字做平声韵脚的古诗句,有碰到过的诗友请不吝告知补充。

白草折的“折”字读音还有一点争议,有说该读she的,但she是“折断”,可草不可能都折断了。有说该读zhe的,因为读这个音还有“弯曲”的意思,即白草弯伏在雪下。虽后者的解释好一些,但仍不能确定“折”就读zhe或she,否则为什么把它归入“八齐”韵?

用新韵作诗其实最好,现代人用古韵纯属业余学唱京戏,追求个古色古香,写完了,自己还不会念,很逗。






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