https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Communication/Argument_and_Debate/Arguing_Using_Critical_Thinking_(Marteney)/09%3A_Changing_Beliefs_Attitudes_and_Behavior/9.04%3A_Value_Systems
Jim Marteney，洛杉矶谷学院，通过 ASCCC 开放教育资源计划 (OERI)
价值体系是个人价值观的有组织的集合，例如诚实、善良和平等。这些价值观的优先级是最重要的价值观放在最上面，最不重要的价值观放在最下面。价值观通常体现在所有文化和社会中的一套道德和/或宗教体系中。我们可能觉得我们所有的价值观都很重要，但当两个或多个价值观发生冲突时，我们必须决定哪个价值观对我们来说最重要。这就形成了一个价值体系，指导我们的决策。
为了让您了解价值体系如何运作，我向您介绍了吉恩·奥特里的牛仔守则。吉恩·奥特里是 30、40 和 50 年代著名的好莱坞“歌唱牛仔”。他去世时还是天使职业棒球队的老板。他是许多想成为像他一样牛仔的孩子的英雄。多年来，吉恩·奥特里形成了一套人生哲学，他决定与这些年轻的崇拜者分享。这套价值观体系，像任何价值观体系一样，将指导他的年轻牛仔粉丝的行为。
吉恩·奥特里的牛仔守则
牛仔绝不能先发制人，不能打小个子，也不能占便宜。
他绝不能食言，不能违背对他的信任。
他必须始终告诉真理。
他必须温柔地对待孩子、老人和动物。
他不能提倡或持有种族或宗教不宽容的思想。
他必须帮助处于困境中的人。
他必须是一个好工人。
他必须在思想、言语、行为和个人习惯上保持清洁。
他必须尊重妇女、父母和国家的法律。
牛仔是爱国者。1
你可以在一个名为“西部牛仔守则”的网站上找到从罗伊·罗杰斯到独行侠的其他牛仔守则。2你还可以在网上找到从“骑士精神”到日本武士“武士道守则”的“生活守则”。所有这些守则都列出了指导决策的价值观。
参考文献
Autry，Gene。“Gene Autry 的牛仔守则。”GeneAutry.com，2017 年 9 月 29 日，https://www.geneautry.com/geneautry/geneautry_cowboycode-code.html。访问时间：2019 年 11 月 6 日。
“西部牛仔密码。”狂野西部，2009 年 8 月 18 日，thewildwest.org/cowboy-codesofthewest/。访问时间：2019 年 11 月 6 日。
这个标题为 9.4：价值体系的页面根据 CC BY-NC 4.0 许可共享，由 Jim Marteney (ASCCC 开放教育资源倡议 (OERI)) 创作、混音和/或策划。
Value Systems
https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Communication/Argument_and_Debate/Arguing_Using_Critical_Thinking_(Marteney)/09%3A_Changing_Beliefs_Attitudes_and_Behavior/9.04%3A_Value_Systems
Jim Marteney, Los Angeles Valley College via ASCCC Open Educational Resources Initiative (OERI)
Value systems are an organized collection of individual values, such as honesty, kindness, and equality. These values are prioritized with the most important values on top, and the least important on the bottom. Values are usually embodied in a set of moral and/or religious systems found in all cultures and societies. We may feel that all of our values are important, but when two or more values clash, we have to decide which value is most important to us. This becomes a value system, which guides our decision-making.
To give you an idea how a value system works, I present to you the Gene Autry’s Cowboy Code. Gene Autry was a famous Hollywood “singing cowboy’ of the 30’s, 40’s and 50’s. He was also the owner of the Angels professional baseball team, when he passed away. He was a hero to many, many children who wanted to be a cowboy just like him. Over the years Gene Autry had developed a philosophy of life that he decided to share with these young admirers. This system of values, like any value system, would guide the actions of his young cowboy fans.
"Gene Autry" (Public Domain; Seattle Packing Company-Bar-S Brand via Wikimedia Commons)
Gene Autry's Cowboy Code
- The Cowboy must never shoot first, hit a smaller man, or take unfair advantage.
- He must never go back on his word, or a trust confided in him.
- He must always tell the truth.
- He must be gentle with children, the elderly, and animals.
- He must not advocate or possess racially or religiously intolerant ideas.
- He must help people in distress.
- He must be a good worker.
- He must keep himself clean in thought, speech, action, and personal habits.
- He must respect women, parents, and his nation's laws.
- The Cowboy is a patriot.1
Reference
- Autry, Gene. "Gene Autry's Cowboy Code." GeneAutry.com, 29 Sept. 2017, https://www.geneautry.com/geneautry/geneautry_cowboycode-code.html. Accessed 6 November 6 2019.
- "Cowboy Codes of the West." The Wild West, 18 August 2009, thewildwest.org/cowboy-codesofthewest/. Accessed 6 November 2019.
