介绍美国ATHEISM(无神主义?) ZT

http://www.atheists.org/Atheism/


ATHEISM

Atheism is a doctrine that states that nothing exists but natural phenomena (matter), that thought is a property or function of matter, and that death irreversibly and totally terminates individual organic units. This definition means that there are no forces, phenomena, or entities which exist outside of or apart from physical nature, or which transcend nature, or are “super” natural, nor can there be. Humankind is on its own.

The following definition of Atheism was given to the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of Murray v. Curlett, 374 U.S. 203, 83 S. Ct. 1560, 10 L.Ed.2d (MD, 1963), to remove reverential Bible reading and oral unison recitation of the Lord\'s Prayer in the public schools.

“Your petitioners are Atheists and they define their beliefs as follows. An Atheist loves his fellow man instead of god. An Atheist believes that heaven is something for which we should work now – here on earth for all men together to enjoy.

An Atheist believes that he can get no help through prayer but that he must find in himself the inner conviction, and strength to meet life, to grapple with it, to subdue it and enjoy it.

An Atheist believes that only in a knowledge of himself and a knowledge of his fellow man can he find the understanding that will help to a life of fulfillment.

He seeks to know himself and his fellow man rather than to know a god. An Atheist believes that a hospital should be built instead of a church. An Atheist believes that a deed must be done instead of a prayer said. An Atheist strives for involvement in life and not escape into death. He wants disease conquered, poverty vanquished, war eliminated. He wants man to understand and love man.

He wants an ethical way of life. He believes that we cannot rely on a god or channel action into prayer nor hope for an end of troubles in a hereafter.

He believes that we are our brother\'s keepers; and are keepers of our own lives; that we are responsible persons and the job is here and the time is now.”


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While many Atheists have an intense interest in religions, enjoy debating theists, and can intelligently discuss the various holy books, Atheism can be discussed and celebrated for its own sake.

The first entry in this section is a tran of a speech given in 1962 by Madalyn Murray O�Hair. It has a short and simple title: Atheism.



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The rich human history of Atheism is examined in detail in several articles in The Roots of Atheism.
The roots of American Atheists are closely associated with the Murray v. Curlett case. Here is the text of the Petitioners\' Brief to the US Supreme Court.



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California Lawyer and political candidate Edward Tabash discusses the controversy or ridiculing religious beliefs.
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Ancient humans could not understand the real reason for the passing seasons. They associated what they observed with all sorts of mystical goings on. In this short pamphlet, Frank R. Zindler explains the natural seasons. Now, when a theist tries to tell you about the reason for the season, you\'ll know better.



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Next are three essays by Frank Zindler:
Ethics Without Gods. A must-read for any Atheists who has been told �If you don�t believe in God, there�s nothing to prevent you from committing crimes, is there?�
Spirit, Soul, and Mind (just remember to breathe while reading.)
Religion, Hypnosis, and Music: An Evolutionary Perspective