美国校车安全数据...(转摘自美国购买者目录)(我略做简单翻译)

美国校车安全数据...(转摘自美国购买者目录)(我略做简单翻译)
School Bus Safety Data PDF Print E-mail
The following information from the National Academy of Sciences, the U.S. Department of Transportation and the school transportation industry reflect and represent safety data at a glance regarding yellow school buses and school transportation programs within the Unitied States.

About 480,000 yellow school buses provide transportation service daily nationwide.
每天大概有48万校车在美国全国服务.

Approximately 26 million elementary and secondary school children ride school buses daily throughout the United States, twice a day.
美国大概有2600万孩子每天乘坐校车, 每天两次.

That\'s more than 52 million student trips daily -- before adding an estimated 5 million for daily extracurricular activity roundtrips.
每天大概有5200学生需要出门.

This equals more than 10 billion individual student rides, or 20 billion boardings and deboardings, annually, when you include the national estimate for activity trips, Head Start transportation, summer school and child care transportation.
每年学生大概100亿人次坐车.

School buses travel approximately 4.4 billion miles each school year across the United States. To put this in perspective, the U.S. Department of Transportation publishes figures that show Americans drive nearly 3 trillion miles on U.S. highways each year.
每年,校车在美总行程达44亿英里.(70.8亿公里)

Approximately 53 percent of all K-12 students in the country ride yellow school buses.
大概有,53%的从学前班到初中孩子坐校车.

The average school bus transports 54 student passengers. An average of 1.5 students are transported per car if a school bus is not available. The number of cars needed to transport students currently riding on one school bus is 36. (Source: American School Bus Council.)
平均每辆车乘坐54名学生.

According to the National Safety Council, the national school bus accident rate is 0.01 per 100 million miles traveled, compared to 0.04 for trains, 0.06 for commercial aviation and 0.96 for other passenger vehicles.
平均, 每行驶1亿英里,(1.609亿公里)校车发生一次事故. 对比火车,4起事故, 其他商业运输是6起事故, 其他私人轿车是96起每行驶1亿英里.

Therefore, the federal government considers school buses to be about nine times safer that other passenger vehicles during the normal school commute.
从而结论是, 正常的上学路上, 校车九倍安全于其他交通工具.

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reports that 96 percent of the estimated 8,500 to 12,000 children injured in school bus accidents annually are considered minor (scrapes, bumps, bruises, etc.).
每年,校车上有8500-12000人次受伤, 但96%属于轻微的伤. 如小划破,小肿块等.

NHTSA calculated that 4 percent of the school bus-related injuries to children -- about 350 to 475 annually -- are serious (i.e. broken bones or worse) based on the medical community\'s widely accepted AIS or Abbreviated Injury Scale.
每年, 有4%受伤属于严重伤, 人次是350-475名. 例如骨折或更糟.

An average of six children are fatally injured inside school buses annually.
平均每年有六名儿童在校车内受到致命伤.

About 16 children are fatally injured as pedestrians in the loading & unloading zone around school buses annually. That\'s better than 200 percent improvement from 75 school bus fatalities in 1975; it is still not good enough.
平均16名儿童在上下车过程受到致命伤. 尽管这是大概200%好于1975年的75名数字, 但远没达到我们的要求还.

During the seven years between 1989 and 1996, 9,500 school-age children were killed during school hours while riding in all kinds of motor vehicles.
1989-1996的7年间, 一共有9500名学龄儿童在上学途中死亡于所有的交通工具上.

The federal government considers school buses to be about nine times safer that other passenger vehicles during the normal school commute.


According to data gathered for NHTSA\'s Fatal Analysis Reporting System, about 600 school age children are killed annually riding to and from school in motor vehicles other than school buses. These fatalities occur during school transport hours (7 to 9 a.m. and 3 to 5 p.m.), on school days (Monday through Friday) only, and during the typical 180 day school year, to children riding to and from school, mostly in automobiles.
每年大概有600名学生死亡在上学途中. (他们没有乘坐校车, 而是使用其他交通工具).

More than $6 billion in state funding is spent each school year for all public school K-12 transportation.
每年国家有超过60亿美元支出给全美的公立学校用于学前班到初中的学生交通费用.

America spends an average of $520 per regular ed child for transportation annually.
美国平均给每个正常孩子花费$520美元每年用于他们的上学交通.

America spends an average of $2,400 per special needs child for transportation annually.
美国平均给每个特殊需要的孩子花费$2400美元每年用于他们的上学交通.

Nearly 40,000 school buses were manufactured during the 12 months of the 2006-07 school year.
2006-2007的12个月内, 大概有接近4万量校车产量.

350 pupil transportation delegates are appointed by the chief school officer in each state meet for a week-long conference once every five years to review and rewrite minimum standards and specifications for safe operation. The next National Congress on School Transportation is scheduled for May 2010 at the University of Central Missouri in Warrensburg, Mo.
每5年, 各个学校首脑要参加至少一周长的座谈会去重新审阅并重新制定最低安全准则.

Three-point lap/shoulder occupant restraint systems are required by federal regulation on all newly manufactured small school buses under 10,000 lbs., but only seven states mandate their use. As a matter of practice, however, all manufacturers of small school buses install lap/shoulder belt occupant restraint systems on their buses.
国家规定,任何新生产的低于1万磅重的校车必须安装3点位安全带系统. (大概3-5辆小车的重量). 但只有7个洲, 硬性规定必须使用安全带. 但所有小型校车都安装了安全带. (学生自己想系是可以自己用的.)

Three states -- New York, New Jersey and Florida -- currently require two-point lap belts on large school buses over 10,000 pounds.
3个洲, 纽约, 纽哲西, 佛洲, 对超过1万磅的车, 也要求至少有2点位安全带系统.

New Jersey not only requires lap belt installation on new large school buses, students are required to use them. In New York, use is only required if the local school district adopts a policy mandating their use. At last count, about 25 of the 725 districts in the state have done so.


A law requiring lap belts is also active in Louisiana, but there has yet to be any appropriated funding for the restraint systems. Meanwhile, Texas has a law requiring 3-point lap/shoulder belts on all newly manufactured school buses by September of 2010, but the legislature has yet to pass the necessary funding to enforce it.


California is currently the only state in the nation to require three-point lap shoulder belt occupant restraint systems on large school buses. It also requires three-point lap shoulder belt occupant restraint systems on small school buses. Texas passed a law requiring the three-point restraints on all school buses by 2010, but implementation is based on final funding by the state legislature.


Great Britain requires lap belts on minivans used in youth transport, including school transport. The European Union has begun to require that coaches and minivans in member states be equipped with occupant restraint systems. Congress was debating mandatory lap/shoulder occupant restraint systems for the U.S. motorcoach industry.

Editor\'s note - Unless otherwise noted, data presented here is extrapolated from the annual STN Buyer\'s Guide that publishes state-submitted information.