酒字源考

[摘要] 酒是人类进入“小康”聚落的标志。人类从游猎过渡到定居,其中决定性的因素是稳定的食物来源,而农耕是最稳定的食物来源。已知最早的农耕作物是大麦。当大麦在满足最低生存需求后尚有剩余,这时酒就出现了。如果如今人均千元就可以号称小康的话,那么,七千年前大麦有富余的聚落更有资格拍胸脯自号小康,有酒有真相。

当然,醉翁之意不在酒,在乎“酒”字的辞源。本文意在通过“酒”字与楔形字????的字形对比,建立二者之间的联系,进而证明????是“酒”字的来源。这里的预设前提是,华夏古文字是向苏美尔楔形文字借鉴的结果。

海德格尔讨论在的意义之初表面上陷入循环论证。他先用在来阐明实体,又用实体来阐明在。海德格尔清楚地意识到这个循环的存在。如何解套?海氏从方法论入手,破解这一循环。

“人们可以确定,实体的本质在于在,但不必对在的意义有明确的概念。否则,本体论知识从此将不复存在。但人们无法否认这种知识事实上存在。当然,到目前为止,所有的本体论都假定了在,但它不是一个任由解说的概念,不是那种我们在探寻的东西。这种‘假定’类似于仔细解剖之前先打量一下,这种引导性地‘打量一下’来源于对在的通常理解。阐释在的意义不是从公理推导定理,而是剥茧抽丝,将其显现出来。 ”

这就是说,阐释在的意义不是一个演绎推理的过程,而是一个对被常识假定的东西剥茧抽丝,使其显现的过程。在这一点上,我同意海德格尔。我们不妨从个别现象出发,先假定华夏古文字是向苏美尔楔形文字借鉴的结果,然后,剥茧抽丝,让本质显现出来。每在一对儿古文字和楔形字之间建立联系都相当于从茧上抽掉一根丝,都是对预设前提的佐证。在这一意义上,我们的方法论就是海德格尔的剥茧抽丝。

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