《宋氏快译》英汉对照（46）：镜之魔力

《宋氏快译》英汉对照（46）：镜之魔力


Researchers find mirror fools phantom limb pain
By Gene Emery

研究者发现镜子能迷幻幻肢疼痛

捷尼-艾默里 文 宋德利 译

BOSTON (Reuters) - Viewing the reflected image of an intact limb in a mirror can fool the mind into thinking that a lost leg or foot still exists, dramatically relieving phantom limb pain, researchers reported on Wednesday.

波士顿（路透社） -
观看一只完整肢体在镜中的影像，可以迷幻头脑去想象一只失去的腿或脚依然存，并能极大地减轻幻肢疼痛，研究人员周三报告说。

注释：
fool the mind ，愚弄头脑。似乎译成迷幻比较好。phantom limb，截肢者感到被截肢体依然存在的幻觉。


At least 9 out of 10 amputees report feeling sometimes-severe pain in the missing limb, often the result of a sensation that the arm or leg is stuck in the wrong position. The sensation can be excruciating and pain drugs often do little to help.

10名截肢者中至少有9名都报告说失掉的肢体有时会有剧烈的疼痛感，这经常是一种胳膊或腿被安置错位的感觉造成的结果。这种感觉可以达到难以忍受程度，而服用止疼药往往收效甚微。


But some studies have suggested that using a mirror to trick the mind into thinking the lost limb is still there may help. Doctors do not understand why it works, but it appears to help a confused brain reconcile sensations coming from the severed nerves.

但一些研究显示，用一面镜子迷幻头脑去认为失去的肢体依然存在，这可能会有助益。医生不明白为什么这种做法为何会生效，但这似乎能够帮助一个糊涂的头脑对被切断神经所产生的感觉加以协调。


Dr. Jack Tsao, a Navy neurologist at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, asked 22 volunteers, most of whom had lost part of a leg in Iraq, to try one of three therapies.

杰克曹医生，华盛顿沃尔特-里德军事医疗中心的一位海军神经学专家，曾要求22名志愿者，其中大部分都在伊拉克留下一条残腿，接受三种疗法中的一种。
注释：
had lost part of a leg，失去一条腿的某些部分。正面翻译费力又费解，不如反着翻译成“留下一条残腿”，因为失掉一部分，那剩下的部分不就是“残腿”吗？说“残腿”即符合汉语习惯，意思也十分明确。


With the mirror technique, patients saw a reflected image of their intact limb as they spent 15 minutes a day trying to move legs and feet. The setup gave the illusion that the missing limb was present and moving normally.

利用镜子技术，病人每天花15分钟活动腿脚，他们就能看到自己完好肢体的影像。这种易如反掌的做法会产生一种失去的肢体尚在，而且活动如常的幻觉。

注释：
Setup，设备；（俚语）很容易做到的事情。看上下文，选用后者似乎比较恰当。


Another group looked at a mirror covered by an opaque sheet as they tried to perform the same task. A third group was asked to close their eyes and spend 15 minutes imagining their limb moving normally.

另一组在做相同的事情时，看的则是一面蒙着不透明体的镜子。第三组被要求闭上眼睛，花15分钟时间想象自己的肢体在正常活动。


During the first four weeks of treatment, pain intensity dropped dramatically in the mirror group, going from an average score of 30 to about 7 on scale up to 100. Every person in that group reported less pain.

在头4个星期的治疗中，看镜组的疼痛强度明显下降，在以100分为满分的情况下，从平均分值30分降至约7分。那个组中的每个人都报告说疼痛减轻了。


For those looking at the covered mirror, their average pain score increased to about 60, in part because only one volunteer said he felt less pain while three said their pain became worse.

对于那些观看被蒙镜子的人来说，他们的平均疼痛分值则增加至约60分，其中部分原因就是，只有一个志愿者说他感觉疼痛减少了，而另外三人都说他们的痛苦加剧了。


Among people who imagined their limb moving, the pain score increased to about 60 after the first week, but then rapidly diminished.

在那些想象自己肢体在运动的人中间，疼痛分值在第一周之后上升至约60分的水平，但随后却迅速降低。


Then, during the next four weeks, all the patients were switched to the mirror technique. Their pain scores diminished significantly in eight out of nine cases.

在随后的四个星期内，所有病人均改用镜子技术。9例中有8例疼痛分值显著减少。


"The majority of people got some relief. The range went from some relief to completely gone," Tsao said in a telephone interview. "We were surprised that the effect was so strongly positive."

“ 大多数人都得到一些缓解。程度从有一些缓解，到完全消失，”曹在接受电话访谈时说。“疗效这么好，我们真感到吃惊。”


The team is planning a similar test in people who have lost arms.

该小组正计划在一些失去手臂的人中间进行一种类似的试验。


The idea of mirror therapy has been around for at least a decade, but it has not been widely adopted because "there's never been a controlled study done before," Tsao said.

镜疗法已经存在至少十年之久，但至今还没有得到广泛应用，原因是“此前从未进行过一次对照性研究，”曹说。

注释：
Control，利用对照物进行核实检验，此处不做“控制”解。


The technique may relieve pain by helping the brain reconcile what the body is feeling with what the eyes are seeing, Tsao said.

该技术可以帮助大脑来调节身体所感与眼睛所见，以此来减轻痛苦，曹表示。


"Although the underlying mechanism accounting for the success of this therapy remains to be elucidated, these results suggest that mirror therapy may be helpful in alleviating phantom pain in an amputated lower limb," his team wrote in a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine. "

“虽然这一基本性技术应归功于这一疗法的成功之说仍有待澄清，但是这些研究结果都显示，镜疗法可能有助于减轻被截下肢的幻痛，”他的小组在一封写给新英格兰医学杂志的信中这样表述。


"It's certainly my hope that more rehab centers will try this," Tsao said.

“将来会有更多的康复中心对此进行试验，这当然是我的希望， ”曹如是说。

备注：
从Goggle中查询Dr. Jack Tsao 的中文名字为曹兴诚。


Researchers find mirror fools phantom limb pain
By Gene Emery

研究者发现镜子能迷幻幻肢疼痛

捷尼-艾默里 文 宋德利 译

BOSTON (Reuters) - Viewing the reflected image of an intact limb in a mirror can fool the mind into thinking that a lost leg or foot still exists, dramatically relieving phantom limb pain, researchers reported on Wednesday.

波士顿（路透社） -
观看一只完整肢体在镜中的影像，可以迷幻头脑去想象一只失去的腿或脚依然存，并能极大地减轻幻肢疼痛，研究人员周三报告说。

注释：
fool the mind ，愚弄头脑。似乎译成迷幻比较好。phantom limb，截肢者感到被截肢体依然存在的幻觉。


At least 9 out of 10 amputees report feeling sometimes-severe pain in the missing limb, often the result of a sensation that the arm or leg is stuck in the wrong position. The sensation can be excruciating and pain drugs often do little to help.

10名截肢者中至少有9名都报告说失掉的肢体有时会有剧烈的疼痛感，这经常是一种胳膊或腿被安置错位的感觉造成的结果。这种感觉可以达到难以忍受程度，而服用止疼药往往收效甚微。


But some studies have suggested that using a mirror to trick the mind into thinking the lost limb is still there may help. Doctors do not understand why it works, but it appears to help a confused brain reconcile sensations coming from the severed nerves.

但一些研究显示，用一面镜子迷幻头脑去认为失去的肢体依然存在，这可能会有助益。医生不明白为什么这种做法为何会生效，但这似乎能够帮助一个糊涂的头脑对被切断神经所产生的感觉加以协调。


Dr. Jack Tsao, a Navy neurologist at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, asked 22 volunteers, most of whom had lost part of a leg in Iraq, to try one of three therapies.

杰克曹医生，华盛顿沃尔特-里德军事医疗中心的一位海军神经学专家，曾要求22名志愿者，其中大部分都在伊拉克留下一条残腿，接受三种疗法中的一种。

注释：
had lost part of a leg，失去一条腿的某些部分。正面翻译费力又费解，不如反着翻译成“留下一条残腿”，因为失掉一部分，那剩下的部分不就是“残腿”吗？说“残腿”即符合汉语习惯，意思也十分明确。


With the mirror technique, patients saw a reflected image of their intact limb as they spent 15 minutes a day trying to move legs and feet. The setup gave the illusion that the missing limb was present and moving normally.

利用镜子技术，病人每天花15分钟活动腿脚，他们就能看到自己完好肢体的影像。这种易如反掌的做法会产生一种失去的肢体尚在，而且活动如常的幻觉。

注释：
Setup，设备；（俚语）很容易做到的事情。看上下文，选用后者似乎比较恰当。


Another group looked at a mirror covered by an opaque sheet as they tried to perform the same task. A third group was asked to close their eyes and spend 15 minutes imagining their limb moving normally.

另一组在做相同的事情时，看的则是一面蒙着不透明体的镜子。第三组被要求闭上眼睛，花15分钟时间想象自己的肢体在正常活动。


During the first four weeks of treatment, pain intensity dropped dramatically in the mirror group, going from an average score of 30 to about 7 on scale up to 100. Every person in that group reported less pain.

在头4个星期的治疗中，看镜组的疼痛强度明显下降，在以100分为满分的情况下，从平均分值30分降至约7分。那个组中的每个人都报告说疼痛减轻了。


For those looking at the covered mirror, their average pain score increased to about 60, in part because only one volunteer said he felt less pain while three said their pain became worse.

对于那些观看被蒙镜子的人来说，他们的平均疼痛分值则增加至约60分，其中部分原因就是，只有一个志愿者说他感觉疼痛减少了，而另外三人都说他们的痛苦加剧了。


Among people who imagined their limb moving, the pain score increased to about 60 after the first week, but then rapidly diminished.

在那些想象自己肢体在运动的人中间，疼痛分值在第一周之后上升至约60分的水平，但随后却迅速降低。


Then, during the next four weeks, all the patients were switched to the mirror technique. Their pain scores diminished significantly in eight out of nine cases.

在随后的四个星期内，所有病人均改用镜子技术。9例中有8例疼痛分值显著减少。


"The majority of people got some relief. The range went from some relief to completely gone," Tsao said in a telephone interview. "We were surprised that the effect was so strongly positive."

“ 大多数人都得到一些缓解。程度从有一些缓解，到完全消失，”曹在接受电话访谈时说。“疗效这么好，我们真感到吃惊。”


The team is planning a similar test in people who have lost arms.

该小组正计划在一些失去手臂的人中间进行一种类似的试验。


The idea of mirror therapy has been around for at least a decade, but it has not been widely adopted because "there's never been a controlled study done before," Tsao said.

镜疗法已经存在至少十年之久，但至今还没有得到广泛应用，原因是“此前从未进行过一次对照性研究，”曹说。

注释：
Control，利用对照物进行核实检验，此处不做“控制”解。


The technique may relieve pain by helping the brain reconcile what the body is feeling with what the eyes are seeing, Tsao said.

该技术可以帮助大脑来调节身体所感与眼睛所见，以此来减轻痛苦，曹表示。


"Although the underlying mechanism accounting for the success of this therapy remains to be elucidated, these results suggest that mirror therapy may be helpful in alleviating phantom pain in an amputated lower limb," his team wrote in a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine. "

“虽然这一基本性技术应归功于这一疗法的成功之说仍有待澄清，但是这些研究结果都显示，镜疗法可能有助于减轻被截下肢的幻痛，”他的小组在一封写给新英格兰医学杂志的信中这样表述。


"It's certainly my hope that more rehab centers will try this," Tsao said.

“将来会有更多的康复中心对此进行试验，这当然是我的希望， ”曹如是说。

备注：
从Goggle中查询Dr. Jack Tsao 的中文名字为曹兴诚。