数个城市为煤气热水器换为热泵电热水器提供资助但名额有限,例如San Jose附带配电盘升级资助,这是该市为2035年全面放弃煤气的计划之一部。
Heat pump water heater or HPWH,类似空调制热或即热泵,机器循环是:R134压缩为汽态--冷凝为液态放热--蒸发为汽态吸热。冷凝器在桶中,蒸发器压缩机在上部,上部风扇抽取环境热空气,侧面出风温度约低3F,环境温度要求为40-90F,加州很适合。如果环境温度低或空间不够大(至少1000cuft),可加Duct保证抽取的空气不太冷。通常,热泵态耗电500W(Rheem说350W),电热线圈是5KW和2.25KW(不同时工作),热泵态每天耗电不过两度,电热态可以是好几倍。
1. General
Parts store:
Graybar, 2201 Ringwood Ave, San Jose, CA 95131 408-964-2100, 132418 splice box
Herning Underground Supply a WESCO Company 2800 Mead Ave Santa Clara, CA 95051, (408) 562-0400, (408) 562-0448,
Consolidated Parts - 2425 Scott Blvd, Santa Clara, CA wire and splice box connectors
Buckles-Smith Electric - 540 Martin Ave, Santa Clara, CA , larger
load calculation: https://www.ladbs.org/docs/default-source/forms/inspection-forms/sfd-electrical-vehicle-charger-service-load-calculation-form-in-form-00.pdf https://www.nachi.org/bbsystem/viewtopic.php?t=16685
contractor: Formosa elec corp, 6745 Normandy Dr, Newark, CA 94560, (510) 709-5978; Roland Marcelo 510 714 5137, 菲律宾人 30664 Granger Ave, Union City, 辐射全湾区
http://wechatcontractors.blogspot.com/p/blog-page.html
1.1 Panel & AFCI
新表之一 Eaton MBE4040B200BTS 22x34.38x5.38",BR类Breaker。但Eaton只有load center可用plug-on breaker。相应AFCI+BGC在ebay上I比较便宜。
新表之二 SquareD的SC3042M200PS 21.5x32.12x6.3" 57.1Lbs孔距16x32.56" 则是plug-on和solar ready。所谓plug-on就是AFCI breaker的尾卡可以插在零线螺丝座上省去pigtail。Hom115/120PDF(AFCI+GFCI)故障率高,但升级可不用AFCI。SC2040M200PS 21.5x29.37x6.3" 孔距116x30.24" 52.8Lbs
Solar ready就是可在200A开关前接逆变器AC的240V25A(要附加两个接线座如Zoro G1325046不过$1,原装SR69064A卖$80)。Conduit 2",线为2/0铜线,地线#4,bonding#6。
新表之三 SquareD的SQ2040VP value pack 43.1Lbs https://images.homedepot-static.com/catalog/pdfImages/28/28955bff-4708-41f4-bb56-6d906f4ba10f.pdf
顺便说主断路器也会在过载时切断,但多半是在浪涌或雷击时。复位前应关闭各支路断路器并避免直视。家用额度是80%即200A对连续负载是180A,或者计算负载时,连续负载要乘以1.25。在额定负载下断路器可能要1千秒才切断。
AFCI:旧支路若未改或延长在6'以内,则无需加装;否则所有15-20A支路都需装:https://forums.mikeholt.com/forum/active-forums/nec/143621-panel-change-arc-fault-requirements
实例:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcbpIfvNI_M 其中铝线上抹了防腐蚀脂Noalox Anti-Oxidant Sunnyvale:https://ecityhall.sunnyvale.ca.gov/cd/i_Electrical.aspx SanJose:https://www.sanjoseca.gov/home/showdocument?id=25985 https://www.sanjoseca.gov/home/showdocument?id=25985 用红黑线供电的双120V需用2-pole breaker,除埋地铜棍外要#6铜线接水管。双铜棍或单铜棍但带接地25欧内测量报告。接地电阻测量:https://www.baselinesystems.com/mediafiles/pdf/62_percent_test_instructions.pdf Neutral线径:http://www.sitemason.com/files/oVJtny/200%20AMP%20RESIDENTIAL%20HOME%20SERVICE%20ENTRANCE%20REQUIREMENTS.pdf https://www.ecmweb.com/national-electrical-code/code-basics/article/20890526/characteristics-of-the-neutral-conductor
1.2 PG&E
PG&E承诺5天回复: https://www3.pge.com/ccoweb/#/login https://www.pge.com/ccoweb/customer.portal?_nfpb=true&_nfls=false&_st=&_pageLabel=MyApplications 注册登录后按部就班,要city permit号并上传site plan:https://www.pge.com/includes/docs/pdfs/mybusiness/customerservice/startstop/newconstruction/processguide/processguide.pdf
Conduit calculator:https://www.southwire.com/calculator-conduit NEC建议填充比为单线53,三线以上40%。
PVC管可用于室内外,1/2管烤弯需加热4分钟以上。EMT铁管在室外需用rain tight接头。Wire gauge: https://www.usawire-cable.com/pdfs/NEC%20AMPACITIES.pdf 4/0铝线205A@90C,2/0铜线195A@90C,#2/3为130/115A,#8/10/12取40/30/20A。
PG&E要求: 离地至少12',通信线再高1',拉绳离屋顶1',表心高48-75"最佳66",离窗3'离拐角10"。地埋要求如下:https://www.pge.com/includes/docs/pdfs/shared/customerservice/otherrequests/newcontruction/BRSC_Guide_Trenching.pdf https://www.pge.com/includes/docs/pdfs/mybusiness/customerservice/startstop/newconstruction/greenbook/servicerequirements/062288.pdf http://www.siliconvalleypower.com/home/showdocument?id=11073
挖坑后铺PG&E要求的沙,然后用Jumping Jack拍实:https://www.homedepot.com/tool-truck-rental/Jumping-Jack/5200000642/ 人行道要铺胶合板,车道要钢板盖住。
扩装新表时的步骤是:PG&E断电、用户装新表、city检查通过、PG&E上电。通常PG&E和city下来都是4小时窗口,新表若换位可安排在同一天。
扩装200A地埋管要多几步:申请PG&E交$1500押金,同时联系USA确定现有电气通信管道位置;PG&E下来看并交付设计文档;签约文档后找承包商;挖沟铺沙和3"PVC管道后(水平弯头半径36"垂直弯头24"),PG&E第一次检查,然后承包商覆土;PG&E第二次下来,先用Mandrel和Pulling tape(M560154)如同洗瓶子的刷子和fish wire走管一遍保证无堵,再穿4/0铝线及1/0零线;然后是city检查通过;PG&E第三次下来通电。如果是400A,管道4",线750及零线4/0,弯头36"。
Trench即挖沟最小是12"宽30"深,底部2.5"沙然后是3"管,管上6"沙然后是填土,由管上部到地面高度至少24"。同一沟里可以放通信管道,煤气管道隔开至少12"。通常靠近房子处有13x24x18"H splice box,便于维修并可解决弯管问题。
132418 splice box Christy box: https://oldcastleinfrastructure.com/brands/christy/
040933(13x24x18"):https://www.platt.com/platt-electric-supply/Pull-Boxes-Concrete-Rectangular/Oldcastle-Precast/17301726/product.aspx?zpid=1204456
1.3 Sense power monitor
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zevh7viz5ts sense monitor带Solar的多两个钳型电流传感器价格$350,手机App控制可自动分辨设备但不大准。用于热水器时接solar的改接热水器电源,这样同时监控全房和热水器耗电。该机用240VAC供电,传感器需同相,例如有Sense标签面都背向配电盘,wifi天线可借用配电盘下端空余的1/2"孔插入其中。SN: N928000192
2. Water heater
2.1 Surround parts
thermostatic mixing valve: https://www.supplyhouse.com/Honeywell-Sparco-AMX302TLF-Lead-Free-DirectConnect-Water-Heater-Kit-Includes-3-4-ASSE-1017-Mixing-Valve-3-4-Cold-Water-Tee-11-Flexible-SS-Connector 按下可调温,混水前的热水温度通常设为145-150F可增加10gal可用热水。原理:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aE6SSnRcqcE 热水器可设为159F=65C,调温输出117F=47C。
Condensation pump: 用于将水抽高去洗衣机下水管。可配check valve:https://www.amazon.com/VCMX-20ULST-Automatic-Condensate-Removal-horsepower/dp/B002MGYF3S https://littlegiant.com/media/231524/998124_vcma_intl_web.pdf 有3个1-1/8"口可插入45度切角的3/4 PVC管,另有1/4" Barb,输出为3/8 Barb"可加check valve。侧面有小卡片头必须取出。
Econet wifi module: REWRA631EWH网说可用,下载app注册登录。客服:800.255.2388,
Expansion tank: 2gal tank用于50-80gal热水器。https://www.plumbingsupply.com/thermal-expansion-tanks.html
Vacuum relief valve: https://plumbingperspective.com/faq-basic-components-in-a-hot-water-system
2.2 Heatpump
https://contractors.efficiencyvermont.com/Media/Default/docs/programs/efficiency-vermont-heat-pump-water-heater-installation-guide.pdf 适合室温45-110F,太最好50F以上,空间至少750sqft不然要管道。外加themostatic mixing valve可将热水器水温提至140F,这样使用电加热原件的机会更少。
常规40gal Rheem D21.75x51.5" 重165Lbs,XE50T10HD50U1 D22.25x61",178Lbs,5KW。
2.2.1 Rheem
上端接线盒和滤网(俯视图中直线),接口都在侧面。过压泄放口,冷凝水出口均为3/4 FPT高39-1/2",冷凝水溢出为1/4"出厂是拧死的,冷热水3/4 MPT在侧面一低一高,两者均应加关断阀因为要用恒温混水阀,冷水入口推荐thermal expansion tank。Thermalstatic mixing valve套件AMX302TLF是按传统热水器设计的,冷热水口间隔约11-1/4"。此外原装漏水感应器插好线粘在底水盘上。内置wifi可用手机 app,如果要通过互联网控制需加Econet kit粘在桶的侧面。
冷水入口的Expansion vavle似可用Relief valve代替:https://www.walmart.com/ip/WATTS-530-3-4-Adjustable-Relief-Valve-3-4-x-1-2-175psi/161435627 并建议加vacuum relief valve:https://www.homedepot.com/p/Eastman-3-4-in-MIP-Vacuum-Relief-Valve-60158/300702610 Zoro 6AYW3 1/2 F-F-MNPT Tee
2.2.2 安装 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0RCjiNa95k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrMpdSQ2WGg
强烈建议原泡沫底座保留放在水盘中以免水盘的水腐蚀热水器底面,这样condesation冷凝水和泄压水均可导入水盘。不然的话,冷凝水可以导入水盘外部的水管,例如用1/2软管插在洗衣机下水管中。
1. 冷热水去热水器:原接口若非3/4MIP需要改正,若冷热水无关断阀需要都加上,且间距不超过11吋;2.加上述混水阀,注意混水阀有1/2 female口可接Relief/Vaccum valve;3.混水阀输出的3/4MIP用Push to Connect Push x Female 90-Degree或3/4 in. Brass PEX Barb x 3/4 in. Female转为Pex接头;4. pex管及上述转3/4FIP接热水器。5.泄压阀及冷凝水出口均为3/4接PVC去底部水盘,水盘去drain。注意冷水关断阀需要在混水阀前,不然冷水会通过混水阀串入热水管,维修时必须关断总阀。
更新:上面的安装是将混水阀倒转,这里是正装方式。热水器上平面有4x3/4"自攻螺丝,改其中两个为2x1-1/2"固定一块1x6x18.25"板作为基板。原接大桶的软管松开后上面是FPT(=FIP=NPT-F)接混水阀套件AMX302TLF的上端MPT,混水阀下端是FPT接MPT-PEX 90度,固定在基板上。PEX水平去桶边缘接PEX90deg和PEX-T下接PEX管,分别经PEX-FPT90deg接热水器MPT口。PEX-T朝上的一端经PEX管及PEX-1/2FIP头接Vaccum relief valve。热水器输出PEX可切断串联PEX接头的球阀,原冷水入口的关断阀保留。过压溢出和冷凝水各用3/4弯头印至水盘,冷凝水溢出口买来时是塞住的保留。
装后缓慢打开注水阀并检查有无漏水,再打开各热水龙头放气直至出水无空气,尔后才才可加电。按几下mode图标选heat pump mode,耗电最大600W;但因水温低会自动打开电加热,此时耗电5.7KW,2-3小时就有热水。检查水温按Status图标再按sensors。
2.3 AO Smith HP10-50H45DV
4.5KW+700W,D22x63",196Lbs,没有wifi。Install:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YeMqq5T2dCQ 冷水入口有Vacuum relief valve。关断阀靠近热水器在混水阀后,因此还要一个冷水端输入阀。冷凝水用量更1/2" PVC。接线盒里还有#18线,切断后接冷凝水泵的溢出切断开关,如果冷凝水泵不排水浮子开关接通将会切断热泵并显示"CONDENSATE DRAIN ALARM"。
2.4 Solar water heating
有PV板后原来的太阳能热水器有点过时,国内最常见的真空管占地小,但在美国也是$1600以上。
3. San Jose
city: 2019 152443 RS,535-3555, 7-8am 29th; Infoinspector@sanjoseca.gov; Voicemail: 408-535-7641
PGE: 118236835, 18777437782 Sarah, 559-347-5066 Nyson Thao, 8-12 28th off, 8-12 29th on
heatpump $2000,service panel $2500. 4377.59+
city在线申请:https://sjpermits.org/permits/ssl/sa_receipt.asp 首先注册要输入地址(街名一行,另一行选后缀如Ave)和parcel#(可由网上找);登录后选申请permit进入step1后显示地址,要点击地址才进入下一步;然后项目类型只有roof和sub trade,选单项后才显示各项目列表及数量,我是升级配电盘换热水器,故输入了两个1;然后是签字及付款。完后有inspection链接但目前失效。
https://sjpermits.org/permits/ 点击Apply for an online permit, 输入用户/口令,点击Check app and status,点击文件号即permit#,点击Job card打印备检查员签字。必须安装并签好火警和一氧化碳报警器的文档,注意合法产品。每个卧室和卧室外区域/每层需火警,卧室外区域需一氧化碳报警器。
旧表12.5x19.75x4.625"底高44.75",左/右空19"/8"至屋顶51.5"屋顶上26.5" 管1.5"长80"。右侧孔高46.25"用1"管60A往上去厨房;下有1/2" 20A和3/4" 60A管贴地,前者穿过砖墙去前车库,后者走车库上去spa;内有20A数组入墙去附近的外墙开口箱体。新盘螺丝孔16x32.69",孔距边缘2.8"。
步骤:1)因有入墙孔需底高不变,新盘SC3042M200PS,上午开始自己或PG&E直接剪断入线再包起裸露线头,拔出旧表剪断旧线,拆掉旧管和配电盘。2)为利用旧墙孔和侧线管,以其为基准定位,有偏时墙孔外缘可扩大或改侧线管长短。先钻上方两孔挂起新panel再量。下端线管高度相差不大可直接利用改墙夹位置。3)我预先将spa 60A线改作热水器,不好,因60A线很难接30A breaker/插座。最好是重布用1-1/4单管去车库125A子板,预留给ADU。125A线长约64'。City inspection和PG&E加电约在同一天下午错开半小时。4)Breaker与Panel须同厂牌,红黑线需接20pole breaker。200A用2/0
铜线,地线#4需两根,接地5/8x8'铜棍和金属水管。
Heatpump安装: 原冷水端有球阀,铁管3/4 MPT接24"半硬管接热水器。可换为Amazon的3/4 MPT-FPT球阀2个,经3/4 FPT-FPT软管,接混水阀套件AMX302TLF,混水阀下端接MPT-PEX,PEX管水平去桶边缘接PEX90deg和PEX-T再接PEX管,分别经PEX-FPT90deg接热水器MPT口。PEX-T朝上的一端经PEX管及PEX-1/2FIP头接Vaccum relief valve。更新:利用原半硬管换胶垫,未用混水阀和expansion tank,有vaccum relief valve,大桶上端换两长螺丝固定木板上装3/4 MPT接头以便用传统接法。注水一夜后发现浴室sink和厨房水龙头冷热水均无,原来是出水喉头Aerator堵塞。heatpump mode一夜后即由64F上升到120F,改mode是反复按此触摸键直至所选。提醒:换热水器打开各龙头时要缓慢以防堵塞。
4. Saratoga
https://www.svcleanenergy.org/water-heating/ https://www.svcleanenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Reservation-Tracker-Public-Update-2019.11.19.pdf
heatpump $2000,sense monitor $300;smart performance package $1500,service panel $2500. FFHP-0118
地埋由电线杆至厨房外新配电盘220',3"管由PG&E提供4/0铝线。旧盘及电线可以不动。新盘用2/0-3和#4线长20'接去地下室200A子板。新盘先装好通过city验收在让PG&E通电。新盘靠后院便于将来引出125A给ADU。
Heatpump安装: 切断原半硬管,原有一个球阀保留;加push-to-connect两软管其一球阀;接混水阀套件AMX302TLF,混水阀下端接MPT-PEX,PEX管水平去桶边缘接PEX90deg和PEX-T再接PEX管,分别经PEX-FPT90deg接热水器MPT口。PEX-T朝上的一端经PEX管及PEX-1/2FIP头接Vaccum relief valve。
5. Newark
http://www.newark.org/departments/human-resources/employee-directory https://www.newark.org/departments/green-newark/energy-upgrade-ca
不能网上申请但可FAX,见本页https://www.newark.org/departments/public-works/building-inspection-division中additional iinformation的文档。
煤气热水器换新的较高效率的有$400,电热水器换heat pump有$1500。650-226-4010
6. Supplier
Electric Distribution Co. 1135 Auzerais Ave, San Jose, CA 95126, (408) 293-5818 https://www.edgesgroup.com/manufacturers 7-4:30pm
Herning Underground 2800 Mead Ave Santa Clara, CA 95051, (408) 562-0400, (408) 562-0448 www.herningunderground.com 7-5pm
C10 license: https://www.peerlessinstitute.com/how-to-become-a-c10-electrical-licensed-contractor/ https://www.contractorresource.com/california-contractors-exam-study-guide-electrical-c-10
B2:
SJ salary: https://www.sanjoseca.gov/Home/ShowDocument?id=45529
7. Maintenance 1-800-995-0982
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EP1G9kpX_UU https://www.reddit.com/r/Plumbing/comments/qwf3zq/rheem_hybrid_water_heater_and_error_code_a005 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1qFsETirJ4
Thermostat: 以filte为水平线其上方有,DT-Discharge Temp - blue at lower left, AT - ambient temp - top, ST - Suction Temp - yellow right middle, ET - Evap Temp - grey right bottom. 同时按Mode+Next进诊断模式。