2022 年诺贝尔奖"完全疯狂”的量子纠缠隔空思想交流, 灵魂旅行
科学界似乎都认为，量子纠缠的一方只能检测，不能操纵，无法编码。那量子通讯如何实现呢？
**
2022 年诺贝尔奖, 隔空思想交流, 灵魂旅行隔空, "完全疯狂”的量子纠缠领域
Spiritual force, holy spirit, soul connection, the universe, soul travel, spacious exchange of ideas,
“Frenchman Alain Aspect, American John F. Clauser and Austrian Anton Zeilinger were cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for experiments proving the “totally crazy” field of quantum entanglements to be all too real. They demonstrated that unseen particles, such as photons, can be linked, or “entangled,” with each other even when they are separated by large distances.”
It all goes back to a feature of the universe that even baffled Albert Einstein and connects matter and light in a tangled, chaotic way.
Bits of information or matter that used to be next to each other even though they are now separated have a connection or relationship — something that can conceivably help encrypt information or even teleport. A Chinese satellite now demonstrates this and potentially lightning fast quantum computers, still at the small and not quite useful stage, also rely on this entanglement. Others are even hoping to use it in superconducting material.
“It's so weird,” Aspect said of entanglement in a telephone call with the Nobel committee. “I am accepting in my mental images something which is totally crazy.”
Yet the trio's experiments showed it happen in real life.
“Why this happens I haven't the foggiest,” Clauser told The Associated Press during a Zoom interview in which he got the official call from the Swedish Academy several hours after friends and media informed him of his award. “I have no understanding of how it works but entanglement appears to be very real.”
His fellow winners also said they can't explain the how and why behind this effect. But each did ever more intricate experiments that prove it just is.
Clauser, 79, was awarded his prize for a 1972 experiment, cobbled together with scavenged equipment, that helped settle a famous debate about quantum mechanics between Einstein and famed physicist Niels Bohr. Einstein described “a spooky action at a distance” that he thought would eventually be disproved.
“I was betting on Einstein,” Clauser said. “But unfortunately I was wrong and Einstein was wrong and Bohr was right.”
Aspect said Einstein may have been technically wrong, but deserves huge credit for raising the right question that led to experiments proving quantum entanglement.
“Most people would assume that nature is made out of stuff distributed throughout space and time," said Clauser, who while a high school student in the 1950s built a video game on a vacuum tube computer. "And that appears not to be the case.”
What the work shows is “parts of the universe — even those at great distances from each other — are connected,” said Johns Hopkins physicist N. Peter Armitage. “This is something so unintuitive and something so at odds with how we feel the world ‘should’ be.”
This hard-to-understand field started with thought experiments. But what in one sense is philosophical musings about the universe also holds hope for more secure and faster computers all based on entangled photons and matter that still interact no matter how distant.
“With my first experiments I was sometimes asked by the press what they were good for,” Zeilinger, 77, told reporters in Vienna. “And I said with pride: ‘It’s good for nothing. I’m doing this purely out of curiosity.’”
In quantum entanglement, establishing common information between two photons not near each other "allows us to do things like secret communication, in ways which weren’t possible to do before,” said David Haviland, chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics.
Quantum information “has broad and potential implications in areas such as secure information transfer, quantum computing and sensing technology," said Eva Olsson, a member of the Nobel committee. "Its predictions have opened doors to another world, and it has also shaken the very foundations of how we interpret measurements.”
The kind of secure communication used by China’s Micius satellite — as well as by some banks — is a “success story of quantum entanglement,” said Harun Siljak of Trinity College Dublin. By using one entangled particle to create an encryption key, it ensures that only the person with the other entangled particle can decode the message and "the secret shared between these two sides is a proper secret,” Siljak said.
While quantum entanglement is “incredibly cool” security technologist Bruce Schneier, who teaches at Harvard, said it is fortifying an already secure part of information technology where other areas, including human factors and software are more of a problem. He likened it to installing a side door with 25 locks on an otherwise insecure house.
At a news conference, Aspect said real-world applications like the satellite were “fantastic.”
“I think we have progress toward quantum computing. I would not say that we are close," the 75-year-old physicist said. “I don’t know if I will see it in my life. But I am an old man.”
Speaking by phone to a news conference after the announcement, the University of Vienna-based Zeilinger said he was “still kind of shocked” at hearing he had received the award.
Clauser, Aspect and Zeilinger have figured in Nobel speculation for more than a decade. In 2010 they won the Wolf Prize in Israel, seen as a possible precursor to the Nobel.
The Nobel committee said Clauser developed quantum theories first put forward in the 1960s into a practical experiment. Aspect was able to close a loophole in those theories, while Zeilinger demonstrated a phenomenon called quantum teleportation that effectively allows information to be transmitted over distances.
“Using entanglement you can transfer all the information which is carried by an object over to some other place where the object is, so to speak, reconstituted," Zeilinger said. He added that this only works for tiny particles.
“It is not like in the Star Trek films (where one is) transporting something, certainly not the person, over some distance,” he said.
A week of Nobel Prize announcements kicked off Monday with Swedish scientist Svante Paabo receiving the award in medicine Monday for unlocking secrets of Neanderthal DNA that provided key insights into our immune system.
Chemistry is on Wednesday and literature on Thursday. The Nobel Peace Prize will be announced Friday and the economics award on Oct. 10.
The prizes carry a cash award of 10 million Swedish kronor (nearly $900,000) and will be handed out on Dec. 10. The money comes from a bequest left by the prize’s creator, Swedish dynamite inventor Alfred Nobel, who died in 1895.
———
Jordans reported from Berlin, Borenstein from Kensington, Maryland, and Burakoff from New York. David Keyton in Stockholm and Masha Macpherson in Palaiseau, France, contributed.
———
Follow all AP stories about the Nobel Prizes at https://apnews.com/hub/nobel-prizes
二哥得诺奖了。。
笑坛吹牛不上税，二哥6年前在博客记录的一个有关量子物理和贝尔不等式的实验，
二哥说，“系统设计得很聪明，可以去上帝那里领奖了。”
果然今年得诺奖了！
三位科学家荣获2022年诺贝尔物理学奖 © 路透社图片
瑞典皇家科学院10月4日宣布，将2022年诺贝尔物理学奖授予法国物理学家阿兰·阿斯佩（Alain Aspect）、美国理论和实验物理学家约翰·克劳泽（John F. Clauser） 和奥地利物理学家安东·塞林格（Anton Zeilinger），以表彰他们为纠缠光子实验、证明违反贝尔不等式和开创性的量子信息科学所作出的贡献。
胖得理直气壮 发表评论于 2022-10-04 08:50:48
伯克利这几年年年中啊
===============
什么呀，人家明明是加州理工的，高一个档次好吗
====================================
什么呀，人家明明是因为在伯克利（伯克利大学和伯克利劳伦斯实验室）的工作成果而得奖的，
markLA 发表评论于 2022-10-04 11:36:26
zzbb-bzbz 发表评论于 2022-10-04 11:24:17
中国已经实现量子纠缠的通信应用了，西方还在纠缠在量子纠缠是否成立，纯粹糊弄人类
=========
看了此贴，掩嘴大笑三声，哈哈哈。典型的文盲五毛贴，被宣传鸡血忽悠的一愣一愣还在显摆
=========
这个回复没毛病，说明西方更侧重于理论本身，而不是像中国更侧重于工程。量子纠缠的最底层的理论认识是不完全的，譬如超光速相互作用等，当代的物理只描述了这个现象本身。本人对这个题目敬而远之。
中国已经实现量子纠缠的通信应用了，西方还在纠缠在量子纠缠是否成立，纯粹糊弄人类
=========
看了此贴，掩嘴大笑三声，哈哈哈。典型的文盲五毛贴，被宣传鸡血忽悠的一愣一愣还在显摆
伯克利这几年年年中啊
===============
什么呀，人家明明是加州理工的，高一个档次好吗
