Self Medication---自我治疗

从事精神卫生研究和心理治疗,理解生活和工作中的压力给人带来困扰,希望与朋友共同关心身心健康
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过了学习和工作都很紧张的一个星期,听系里一教授介绍他们的工作,有关抽烟与精神分裂症治疗的关系。

他介绍说,在温哥华,普通人群中抽烟的比例约为13%;在诊断为抑郁症的人群中为25%;在诊断为双向抑郁症的人群中为60%到70%;而在精神分裂症的人群中则达80%到90%。抽烟和酒精的使用在患有精神疾病的人群中都很高,被认为是一种自我治疗现象。比如,在焦虑症和双向抑郁症中,酒精的使用比例非常高。研究发现,抽烟和酒精的使用都会影响到脑内的多巴胺系统。这一系统与我们的情感密切相关。进一步的研究则发现,酒精的依赖与多巴胺转运子的基因多型性有关。带有一定多巴胺转运子等位基因的人更容易酒精依赖。虽然临床上有烟酒依赖,但大多数不是原发的症状,常常是因为有其他精神问题的并发症。

自我治疗不仅在人身上有,是生物生存的一个技能,连蝴蝶的幼虫(Caterpillar)都有自我治疗的能力。不过烟酒的副作用有点大,这种自我疗法带来更多的麻烦。

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