http://freebeacon.com/national-security/china-confirms-recent-anti-satellite-test/
China Confirms Recent Anti-Satellite Test
DN-3 test contrails
A Chinese military official recently confirmed Beijing’s latest test of a satellite-killing missile that threatens U.S. space assets.
Zhou Derong, a professor at the People’s Liberation Army Logistics Academy, described the development of anti-satellite weapons as being part of China’s national defense.
Writing in an official science and technology publication, Zhou was quoted as responding to reports of the flight testing of China’s DN-3 anti-satellite missile first reported by the Washington Free Beacon on Nov. 9.
“It is perfectly legitimate for China to carry out normal missile launch tests,” Zhou said. “Besides, even if China were developing anti-satellite weapons, these would be no more than self-defense measures taken to protect its own space resources.”
Zhou criticized the United States for opposing and exaggerating “other countries’ anti-satellite tests”—a reference to China.
“But in reality, [the United States] itself is the country which possesses the most types of anti-satellite weapons and conducts the most tests,” Zhou wrote.
According to Zhou, disclosures of Chinese missile tests by the United States are aimed at discrediting China and portraying Beijing as a threatening power.
“One of the reasons why the United States irresponsibly guesses about and exaggerates China’s normal missile launch tests is to subconsciously portray China as a malefactor and disturber of order,” Zhou said. “It is also to play up the ‘China Threat Theory,’ put itself in the role of a victim, and provide an excuse for the development of its own space forces.”
The article appeared Dec. 7 in the online edition of the newspaper Science and Technology Daily, an official publication of the China State Science and Technology Commission, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense.
The administration is one of the main Chinese government organs involved in widespread collection and theft of U.S. defense technology secrets.
U.S. defense officials revealed that a test of the Dong Neng-3 missile, described as an exoatmospheric vehicle with anti-satellite strike capabilities, was carried out Oct. 30 from China’s Korla Missile Test Complex in western China.
Images of contrails from the missile test were posted on Chinese websites.
Officials said the missile is the third known anti-satellite missile operational or under development by China. Earlier tests involved anti-satellite missiles known as the DN-1 and DN-2. The DN-1 has also been labeled the SC-19.
China, along with Russia, has been proposing an international ban on weapons in space. At the same time, Beijing and Moscow are both known to be developing ground-based anti-satellite missiles.
Frank Rose, assistant secretary of state for arms control, verification, and compliance, rejected the space arms ban during a speech in Beijing on Nov. 30.
“The most pressing and existing threat to outer space systems is actually terrestrially based anti-satellite weapons, which exist, have been tested and have already damaged the space environment,” Rose said. “The continued development of such weapons, and their potential use in a conflict, should be of grave concern to all governments. Due to high-impact speed in space, even sub-millimeter debris poses a realistic threat to human spaceflight and robotic missions.”
The Pentagon has no announced anti-satellite weapons, after canceling an aircraft-launched anti-satellite missile program in the 1980s. However, a modified Navy SM-3 anti-missile interceptor was used in 2008 to knock out a falling reconnaissance satellite in low-earth orbit, demonstrating some anti-satellite arms capabilities.
By contrast, China is building anti-satellite missiles and other weapons that can destroy satellites at the highest geosynchronous orbits, some 22,000 miles above the earth. In addition to missiles, the Chinese are working on ground-based lasers and electronic jammers to disrupt or destroy satellites. Small maneuvering satellites also have been tested that are capable of grabbing and crushing orbiting satellites.
The latest annual report of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission warned that China is pursuing an array of space warfare capabilities, called counterspace weapons.
Chinese anti-satellite missiles “are designed to disable or destroy a satellite or spacecraft using one of several possible kill mechanisms, such as a kinetic kill vehicle,” the report said.
“The missiles typically are launched against pre-selected targets, as they must either wait for the target satellite to pass overhead within a certain distance from the launch site, or target a stationary satellite within range of the launch site,” the report added.
During a war, China plans to use a combination of “hard” destructive attacks and “soft” strikes that temporarily disrupt the functioning of satellites or ground systems.
China in 2007 carried out a missile test that targeted an orbiting weather satellite, creating thousands of pieces of space debris that currently threaten manned and unmanned spacecraft.
After protests over the disruptive 2007 test, China has limited its anti-satellite missile tests to near-space and atmospheric intercepts, and has sought to mask the initiative as a program designed to shoot down missiles.
Defense officials said the Pentagon, and in particular the Air Force, are very concerned about Chinese anti-satellite weapons, that with as few as two dozen strikes could cripple the critical satellites used for communications, navigation, targeting and other strategic military functions.
During a House hearing in March, Air Force Lt. Gen. John “Jay” Raymond, commander of the Joint Functional Component Command for Space, warned that “we are quickly approaching the point where every satellite in every orbit can be threatened.”
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原文在此，里面没有说是反卫星测试。2015年12月07日 星期一
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■科报讲武堂
近日互联网上流传的一组在中国新疆地区拍摄的奇异夜空景观引起国际媒体的关注。美国华盛顿《自由灯塔报》引述五角大楼知情人士的话报道称，中国进行了可击落美国卫星的新型导弹的飞行测试。美国国防部一名官员认为，中国对DN-3型大气层外打击拦截导弹进行了测试。
对此，后勤学院军事专家周德荣教授在接受科技日报记者采访时指出，“中国进行正常的导弹发射试验，无可非议。退一步讲，中国就算是发展反卫星武器，也是一种保护自身太空资源的自我防卫措施。美国动辄指责和炒作其他国家进行疑似反卫星武器的试验，但实际上，美国是拥有反卫星武器种类和进行试验最多的国家。”
那么，什么是大气层外打击拦截导弹？目前打卫星的方式都有哪些？美国为何热衷于炒作中国的导弹发射试验？
周德荣介绍说，大气层外打击拦截导弹是一种动能拦截弹，由火箭推进系统和作为弹头的动能杀伤飞行器组成，借助弹头高速飞行时所产生的巨大动能，通过直接碰撞而摧毁大气层外军用目标的武器系统，主要用于拦截弹道导弹和其他军用目标，如卫星等。大气层外动能拦截导弹关键是能否把动能杀伤飞行器送到目标高度，能否精准捕获和打击目标。其关键技术主要有六项：一是火箭推进技术，二是精确捕获目标特征信号信息的导引技术，三是处理导引头信息的高速信号处理机及技术，四是确定动能杀伤器自身速度和姿态的惯性测量装置及技术，五是用于动能杀伤器制导计算和飞行路线修正计算的高速数据处理机及技术，六是使动能杀伤器快速机动的姿轨控系统及技术。
周德荣告诉记者，从前苏联发射第一颗人造卫星起，美国就一直致力于空间对抗武器装备的研制，加紧发展各种空间对抗武器，以保持美国在空间的绝对优势。目前，美国在打卫星方面采取的手段主要包括：陆（海/空）基动能反卫星武器、微小卫星反卫星武器、电子干扰反卫星武器、激光反卫星武器、高能微波反卫星武器、卫星捕获武器等，美国空间对抗已经由发展防御性空间对抗装备转变为大力发展进攻性空间对抗装备。
进入21世纪后，美国还大力发展自主逼近、交会对接等复杂航天技术在反卫星武器上的应用，力图研制更加先进的反卫星武器。特别是当美国能成功地进行非合作目标的交会对接时，拥有该种能力的卫星将很容易转换为反卫星武器，这也是美国重点试验该项技术的主要原因之一。
“近年来，美国国防部虽没有启动新的反卫星专项计划，却一直在以反导技术带动反卫技术的发展。这既可避免直接发展反卫武器可能招致的政治、法律和外交风险，也可借反导系统的发展为反卫作战积累关键技术。美军于2008年年初用‘标准—3’反导拦截弹成功摧毁失控侦察卫星的试验，即印证了反导系统同时具备反卫能力。”周德荣说。
“中国始终坚持‘积极防御’的军事战略，历来主张‘人不犯我、我不犯人’的原则。中国进行正常的导弹发射试验，无可非议。”周德荣指出，“美国妄自猜测和炒作中国正常的导弹发射试验，其目的一是潜移默化地灌输中国是麻烦制造者和秩序破坏者的负面形象。二是渲染‘中国威胁论’，塑造受威胁者形象，为自己发展太空战力量寻找借口。”
http://digitalpaper.stdaily.com/http_www.kjrb.com/kjrb/html/2015-12/07/content_325861.htm
