闲话词人 - II - 再说李清照

其实李清照不光词填得了得,而且还是有相当的理论水平的,是个能说会干的双料才女。于是入得了她法眼的词人,嗯,几乎没有。南唐君臣如李煜、冯延巳,被说是“亡国之音”[1];柳永,是“词语尘下”[1],也就是粗俗。(这也难怪)。即便如欧阳修、苏东坡,他们的词也都是涂鸦词(“皆句读不葺之诗尔”)[1];而王安石之流,更要被她笑话到不行(“则人必绝倒,不可读也”[1])。
     
从唐到宋,历代大家,被她一笔批倒。几乎同时代的周邦彦,还被后人称作“词家之冠”呢,可人家连提都没提。你能拿她怎样?人家写出来的是不比那几位差。再说了,或许好男 。。所以也一直没有人去挑战她的说法。
       
而在我看来,李清照有如此底气,除了自己本事大,她的家庭背景也给了她骄傲的资本。父辈做了不小的官不说,母亲家族(无论是生母还是父亲续弦的继母)都是封了公爵的。自己嫁人也嫁了后来的宰相门庭。你会说怎么还拿门第说事?当然!想一想连长相都会被纳入提拔的要素之一的那时,家庭条件怎么不会给李清照带来优越感?
       
可这么说有依据吗?听一听他对秦少游(就是写“两情若是久长时”的那位)的评论,说秦少游的词:“譬如贫家美女,虽极妍丽丰逸,而终乏富贵态”[1]。如此形象生动的比喻,你能说没有家庭/家族优越感在里面?
         
李清照是官N代,可自己争气,又嫁了赵明诚这样的好丈夫,算是好事在她身上都全了。可惜的是覆巢之下安有完卵。国家的破灭,最终还是给李清照晚年带来了不安定。
     
—————
     
[1] 李清照 《词论》
 
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