维生素D和鱼油可降低自身免疫性疾病风险

哈佛大学一项针对25,000 人(平均67岁)的随机安慰剂对照研究发现,与服用安慰剂的相比,服用维生素D或VD和Omega-3组合的人患类风湿性关节炎和牛皮癣等自身免疫性疾病的几率明显较低。

已知的自身免疫性疾病有80多种,包括多发性硬化症、狼疮、类风湿性关节炎和1型糖尿病等病症。美国有5~8%的人(超过2400万人)患有自身免疫性疾病。

最初的研究是一项针对25,871人的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验,观察补充维生素D和 Omega-3脂肪酸对不同类型癌症和心血管疾病(包括心脏病和中风)的影响。 

作为附加研究的一部分,研究人员还检查了这些补充剂对患自身免疫性疾病的影响。在随访5.3年后,研究人员发现:

维生素D治疗组的自身免疫性疾病减少了22%;鱼油治疗组减少了15%,长期补充Omega-3会增强预防效果。

这些发现与我们观察相吻合;我们会定期检查患有自身免疫性疾病的人的维生素D和Omega-3水平,我会说99%的情况下,他们两者都很低,除非他们已经在服用补充剂或吃高脂肪鱼的饮食。Cleveland Clinic的医学主任Bradley博士说。

为了降低55岁以上女性和50岁以上男性患自身免疫性疾病的风险,研究的资深作者,哈佛医学院教授Costenbader建议每天摄入2000IU维生素D和1000毫克Omega-3脂肪酸,这也是此项研究中使用的剂量。

哈佛研究论文:https://www.bmj.com/content/376/bmj-2021-066452

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