Romans 1:18-20 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness, because that which is known about God is evident within them; for God made it evident to them. For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes, His eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly seen, being understood through what has been made, so that they are without excuse.
Romans 8:19-21 For the anxious longing of the creation waits eagerly for the revealing of the sons of God. For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of Him who subjected it, in hope that the creation itself also will be set free from its slavery to corruption into the freedom of the glory of the children of God.
berit, covenant, 契约 和合本圣经 创世纪6:18 我却要与你立约;你同你的妻,与儿子儿妇,都要进入方舟。 Genesis 6:18 "But I will establish My covenant with you; and you shall enter the ark--you and your sons and your wife, and your sons' wives with you.
NASB Genesis 15:4 Then behold, the word of the LORD came to him, saying, "This man will not be your heir; but one who will come forth from your own body, he shall be your heir."
NASB Exodus 15:25 Then he cried out to the LORD, and the LORD showed him a tree; and he threw it into the waters, and the waters became sweet There He made for them a statute and regulation, and there He tested them.
piqqud: precepts, 戒律 和合本圣经 诗篇103:18 就是那些遵守他的约、记念他的训词而遵行的人。 NASB Psalm 103:18 To those who keep His covenant And remember His precepts to do them.
edah: testimony, 诫命 和合本圣经 诗篇25:10 凡遵守他的约和他法度的人,耶和华都以慈爱诚实待他。 NASB Psalm 25:10 All the paths of the LORD are lovingkindness and truth To those who keep His covenant and His testimonies.
torah: law, 律法 和合本圣经 诗篇78:10 他们不遵守神的约,不肯照他的律法行; NASB Psalm 78:10 They did not keep the covenant of God And refused to walk in His law;
hesed: lovingkindness,慈爱 和合本圣经 申命记7:9 所以 ,你要知道耶和华 ─ 你的神,他是神,是信实的神;向爱他、守他 诫命的人守约,施慈爱,直到千代; Deuteronomy 7:9 "Know therefore that the LORD your God, He is God, the faithful God, who keeps His covenant and His lovingkindness to a thousandth generation with those who love Him and keep His commandments;
这些经文清楚易懂,不需赘言。
新约中的希腊文 Diathke: 英文解释是“a disposition of property by will or otherwise.” 即通过遗嘱或其它方式处置财产。但是从希伯来文翻译成希腊文时,这个希腊文单词就承担了希伯来文的契约和协议的载体词。
在新约中,契约有下列几种含义:
(1)人或神的应允 和合本圣经 加拉太3:15 弟 兄 们 , 我 且 照 着 人 的 常 话 说 : 虽 然 是 人 的 文 约 , 若 已 经 立 定 了 , 就 没 有 能 废 弃 或 加 增 的 。 NASB Galatians 3 15 Brethren, I speak in terms of human relations: even though it is only a man's covenant, yet when it has been ratified, no one sets it aside or adds conditions to it.
(2)神的承诺 和合本圣经 加拉太3:17 我 是 这 麽 说 , 神 预 先 所 立 的 约 , 不 能 被 那 四 百 三 十 年 以 後 的 律 法 废 掉 , 叫 应 许 归 於 虚 空 。 NASB Galatians 3 17 What I am saying is this: the Law, which came four hundred and thirty years later, does not invalidate a covenant previously ratified by God, so as to nullify the promise.
(3)协议 和合本圣经 希伯来书7:18 先 前 的 条 例 , 因 软 弱 无 益 , 所 以 废 掉 了 ,(指申命记第29-30两章) NASB Hebrews 7:18 For, on the one hand, there is a setting aside of a former commandment because of its weakness and uselessness (Referring to Deuteronomy 28-30)
NASB Acts 7:8 "And He gave him the covenant of circumcision; and so Abraham became the father of Isaac, and circumcised him on the eighth day; and Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob of the twelve patriarchs.
(5)契约纪录 和合本圣经 哥林多后书3:14 但 他 们 的 心 地 刚 硬 , 直 到 今 日 诵 读 旧 约 的 时 候 , 这 帕 子 还 没 有 揭 去 。 这 帕 子 在 基 督 里 已 经 废 去 了 。 NASB 2 Corinthians 3:14 But their minds were hardened; for until this very day at the reading of the old covenant the same veil remains unlifted, because it is removed in Christ.
(6)救赎根基 和合本圣经 马太26:28 因 为 这 是 我 立 约 的 血 , 为 多 人 流 出 来 , 使 罪 得 赦 。 NASB Matthew 26:28 for this is My blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for forgiveness of sins.
除了上述希伯来文和希腊文表述圣约外,下面的词汇也来用作表述神的圣约。
一, 和平,昌盛,peace, prosperity (shalam) 二, 爱, love 三, 朋友,友谊,friend, friendship 四, 交通,同伴,好客, communion, fellowship, hospitality 五, 信靠,相信, faith, fidelity 六, 在名下, into the name, in the name 七, 祝福, bless, blessed, blessings 八, 起誓,oath 九, 诅咒,curse 十, 应允,promise