Bart Ehrman 新约的改动添加 (老贴重发)

Bart Ehrman 新约的改动添加

Bart Ehrman从15岁开始成为born-again JDT. 虔诚到什么地步呢? 他抓住一切机会传教, 他把家人, 朋友都转化为重生的JDT. 在他的同学们都去上University of Kansas时, 他选择了学习圣经, 他进入了the Moody Bible Institute学习. 这家圣经学院在Chicago, 禁止学生看电影, 打牌,跳舞, 和异性有身体接触. 用他自己的话说:"Bible was our middle name!".

在随后的12年里, 他在Moody, at Wheaton College (another Christian institution in Illinois) and finally at Princeton Theological Seminary.学习. 最后在普林斯顿神学院学习. 他发现自己的语言天赋, 为了学习早期基督教文献, 他学习了公元前后地中海地区(也就是基督教发源地)的多种语言, 包括希腊语(写新约用的语言), 科普特语(一种古埃及语言), 希伯莱语(书写旧约的语言), 叙利亚语….

他对圣经和早期基督教历史的学习却导致了他失去了他的信仰, 因为他的发现让他无法再相信圣经. 他也发现, 耶酥的复活根本没有历史证据. 这一发现是对他信仰的最后一击. 他成为疑神论者, 他的学习没有加强他的信仰,却让他成为世界知名的圣经学者和早期基督教历史专家. 并多有著作.



下面是摘自华盛顿时报对他的采访, 在他的新书: Misquoting Jesus: The Story Behind Who Changed the Bible and Why 发表之后.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/03/04/AR2006030401369.html

For the next 12 years, he studied at Moody, at Wheaton College (another Christian institution in Illinois) and finally at Princeton Theological Seminary. He found he had a gift for languages. His specialty was the ancient texts that tried to explain what actually happened to Jesus Christ, and how the world's largest religion grew into being after his execution.

What he found there began to frighten him.

The Bible simply wasn't error-free. The mistakes grew exponentially as he traced translations through the centuries. There are some 5,700 ancient Greek manus that are the basis of the modern versions of the New Testament, and scholars have uncovered more than 200,000 differences in those texts.
圣经根本不是无误的. 错误呈指数增长,当他沿着历史的印记追踪下来. 现代版本新约是基于大约5700个古希腊文手卷, 学者们从这些文字中发现了多于200,000二十万处不同.
"Put it this way: There are more variances among our manus than there are words in the New Testament," Ehrman summarizes.
可以这么说: 不同新约手卷中的不同点比新约的用词还多!

Most of these are inconsequential errors in grammar or metaphor. But others are profound. The last 12 verses of the Gospel of Mark appear to have been added to the text years later -- and these are the only verses in that book that show Christ reappearing after his death.
多数这种错误是没有严重后果的语法或隐喻错误. 但有些是有深远后果的. 马可福音的最后12条是很多年后加入的. 而这些是马可中仅有的关于基督死后显现的.

Another critical passage is in 1 John, which explicitly sets out the Holy Trinity (the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit). It is a cornerstone of Christian theology, and this is the only place where it is spelled out in the entire Bible -- but it appears to have been added to the text centuries later, by an unknown scribe.

另外一个关键的段落是约翰1 (John 1), 其中特别提出了神圣的三位一体(父, 子, 灵). 这是基督教神学观的基石, 而且是整本圣经中唯一说到这一点的地方. 但是, 这段是几个世纪后, 一个不知名的抄写员加入的.

还有很多, 比如耶酥和通奸女人等....

有兴趣可以看他的 best seller Misquoting Jesus: The Story Behind Who Changed the Bible and Why

公共图书馆可以借到. 他文风幽默, 读之不倦. 这本书把圣经文本(textual critisim)这一学院的严肃研究介绍给大众, 非常发人深醒.