读书四法

打印 被阅读次数

 一、抄读法:此法为一边读书一边抄录自己感到需要记牢而又一时记不牢的材料。每抄一遍,就更加巩固你的记忆,加深你的理解,激发你的创造。抄读法能帮助你“渐渐向里寻找那精妙处。”鲁迅、毛泽东读书,便是备有抄读全文的“选抄本”,摘录精华的“拔萃簿”:吴晗、姚雪垠等名家读书都做卡片,且持之以恒,终身不渝。
  二、写读法:一篇文章在手,先用心读上两遍,然后合上书本默写。这样做,能从中较深刻地领悟到应该怎么写(记),不应该怎么写(记)的道理,促使自己学得更活,记得更牢。
  三、揣读法:即看了文章题目之后,自己先设身处地进行构思立意,提出自己的见解和设想:再猜想该作品的内容、写法和写作目的,而后两相比较鉴赏,找出“不谋而合”处——这就是你的高见:找出“意见相异”处,从中领悟优劣得失及其所以然,取人之长,补己之短——这就使你有了新的发现:找出“不得其解”处,这就是学习的重点、难点:细心琢磨,这是你获取新知识的又一起步。
  四、读写结合法:以读促写,以写促读,为写而读,为读而写。著名散文作家吴伯箫说:“读是为了写。”著名教育家、作家叶圣陶认为:“今天作某一篇文,其实就是综合地表现他今天以前知识、思想、语言等方面的积累。”著名美学家朱光潜的实践体会是:我“学到点什么,马上就想拿出来贩卖。”

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