阿司匹林有可以显著提高癌症治疗的疗效?

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研究人员证实,皮肤癌、乳腺癌和肠癌细胞往往会生成大量的前列腺素E2(PGE2)。这一分子抑制了免疫系统攻击缺陷细胞的正常反应,帮助了癌症隐藏。借助这一伎俩肿瘤得以旺盛生长,这或许可以解释一些免疫疗法并没有像期望的那样有效的原因。

  阿司匹林是称作为COX抑制剂的一组分子的组成部分,COX抑制剂可以阻止生成PGE2,帮助重新唤醒免疫系统。相比于单独采用免疫疗法,结合免疫治疗与阿司匹林或其他的COX抑制剂,可显著减慢小鼠体内肠癌和黑色素瘤的生长。

  资深课题组负责人、研究作者Caetano Reis e Sousa说:“我们提供了新的证据证实,一些癌症以生成PGE2作为一种手段来逃避免疫系统。如果你可以夺去癌细胞生成PGE2的能力,你就能够有效地除去这一保护障碍,释放免疫系统的全部能力。”

  “在让癌症患者接受免疫治疗的同时给予阿司匹林一类的COX抑制剂,有可能可以让患者从治疗中大大受益。这项工作虽然仍处于早期,但它或许可以帮助让癌症免疫疗法更有效,从而改变患者的人生。”

  英国癌症研究中心首席临床医生Peter Johnson教授说:“PGE2对我们体内许多不同的细胞起作用,这项研究表明其中一个作用就是告诉我们的免疫系统忽视癌细胞。一旦你阻止癌细胞生成它们,免疫细胞会切换回‘杀伤模式’攻击肿瘤。”

  “在我们看到COX抑制剂作为治疗的组成部分提供给患者之前,这项在小鼠身上进行的研究仍有一段路要走。但这是一个令人兴奋的研究发现,其有可能提供了一条简单的途径来显著改善一系列癌症中的治疗反应。”

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