心境恶劣障碍Dysthymic Disorder

情感障碍Mood Disorder (五): 心境恶劣障碍Dysthymic Disorder

A. Depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not, as indicated either by subjective account or observation by others, for at least 2 years. Note: in children and adolescents, mood can be irritable and duration must be at least 1 year.
整日里大部分时间处于抑郁的情绪状态,而且有这种情绪的日子多于没有的日子,可以是主观的认为,也可以是别人的观察,至少持续两年. 注:对儿童和少年,情绪可以是不安,时间至少持续一年.

B. Presence, while depressed, of two (or more) of the following；
除外见抑郁,还有以下两项或多项症状

(1) poor appetite or overeating食欲不振或过食

(2) insomnia or hypersomnia失眠或嗜睡

(3) low energy or fatigue无力或疲乏

(4) low self-esteem自卑

(5) poor concentration or difficulty making decisions注意力不集中或犹豫不决

(6) feeling of hopelessness无望的感觉

C. During the 2-year period (1 year for children or adolescents) of the disturbance, the person has never been without the symptoms in Criteria A and B for more than 2 months at a time.
在两年期间(儿童或少年为一年)患者从未有超过两个月的时间不出现上述A和B中的症状.

D. No Major Depressive Episode has been present during the first 2 years of the disturbance (1 year for children and adolescents); I.e., the disturbance is not better accounted for by chronic Major Depressive Disorder, or Major Depressive Disorder, In Partial Remission.
在发病的头两年(儿童或少年为一年),患者从没有出现严重忧郁症的发作.要与慢性严重忧郁症,严重忧郁症的部分恢复进行区别.

Note: There may have been a previous major depressive episode provided there was a full remission (no significant signs or symptoms for 2 months) before development of the Dysthymic Disorder. In addition, after the initial 2 years (1 year in children or adolescents) of Dysthymic disorder, there may be superimposed episodes of major depressive disorder, in which case both diagnoses may be given when the criteria are met for a major depressive episode.
注:患者可能曾经有过严重忧郁症的发作,但是必须已经完全恢复了(至少有两个月没有出现忧郁症状),然后才出现心境恶劣障碍.另外,在发生心境恶劣障碍的两年(儿童或少年是一年)后,也有可能出现严重忧郁症的叠加,在这样的情况下,可以给两个诊断.

E. There has never been a Manic Episode, a mixed episode, or a hypomanic episode, and criteria have never been met for cyclothymiacs disorder.
从未出现躁狂,混合发作,或亚躁狂发作,也不能被诊断为循环性情绪障碍

F. The disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of a chronic psychotic disorder, such as schizophrenia or delusional disorder.
以上症状不是仅仅出现在慢性精神错乱性精神疾病的发作期,如精神分裂症,妄想症的发作期.

G. The symptoms are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition (e.g, hypothyroidism).
以上症状不是由药物或毒品引起,也不是由全身性疾病引起(如:甲状腺功能低下).