为什么外国人更喜欢日韩文化？中国文化相比之下缺点在哪里呢？
https://www.zhihu.com/question/68007724
最近在很多英语社交网站上发现了一个特点，就是欧美人对日本和韩国的文化明显比中国文化要来的热情的多，可是为什么会这样？我们中国文化来的正统有博大精深，茶道，武术，四派思想（法道儒墨）哪点比不过他们呢？况且日本和韩国大男子主义比中国严重的多，那些比我还女权的欧美女生讲道理应该对日韩两个国家很反感才对吧？而且在AP世界历史中中国占的比重也是亚洲国家里最大的。当然男朋友德国人觉得中国是最好的，日韩文化在他眼里是很幼稚的东西。
美国网友热议：为什么西方人更喜欢日本文化,而非中国文化?
近年随着中国国力的腾飞，中国也开始了文化走出去战略，最典型的是孔子学院，说实话形式太僵化，一直有为了文化输出而输出的诟病，接受度低！不过，近年以影视剧、网络小说为代表的中国文化有在西方开花结果的趋势！这是好现象，这种文化传播比孔子学院这种半官方机构更能被人接受！
正文：
我曾在这两个国家生活过，并接受过他们的教育。我认为日本文化比中国文化更公开地表达她的形象，而且更清晰直观。
这部分取决于他们的发展水平：在过去的一个世纪中，日本人赢了他们的中国表亲，因此有能力斥巨资在文化产品上。他们居住在一些小岛上，这导致了文化影响的集中。而且他们真的非常非常爱惜自己的文化：他们宁愿种族灭绝也不允许移民！但这是我们尚未发现中国文化表达与日本一样吸引人的其中一个原因。
还有一个是时间。中国的文化游戏已经玩得太久了-在耶稣刚出生时他们就已经建立了目前的政体，并在那之后不断改善-文化已经深入到中国人的骨髓，就像被侵蚀成冲积土的古老山脉群。
中国是现存的唯一一个将文化表达转变成文明的国家，即人类社会发展和组织的最先进的阶段。创造一个文明需要大量的精诚合作的人们共同生活数千年。中国人人数很多，时间跨度大以及处在儒家文化中。经过一代又一代的勤奋实践，他们掌握了孔子所推荐的做法，并作为一个文明具体化了孔子所强调的原则。任何中国人都会告诉你它离完美还很远，但它足以让每个人都达成共识。
费尔南德-布罗代尔提议想象一下欧洲历代王朝文化的影响，从凯撒奥古斯丁到一战一直保持着同一种风格。你可以说他们改良了大批人共同生活的艺术。
观察运转中的文明需要谨慎研究和观察技巧，观察色晴漫画和礼貌的日本人则相对容易些。有趣的是，当你问中国人为什么他们将日本作为第一旅游目的地时，他们回答说喜欢学习日本文化。
美国网友评论：
1、这都不是个事，我都不晓得为何有人会耿耿于怀。让我们分析下这两个国家在西方广为人知的印象。日本:动画、--片、动画--片、电子产品、电子游戏、--游戏、漫画、--漫画、汽车、其他长幼皆宜的: 忍者、武士、艺妓等等。
中国：质量低劣的产品和服务；黑客、骗子、网上遇到的讨厌家伙；污染、你的隔壁邻居、你班上的那个孩子，想在数学考试中抄他的；其他模糊的讨厌事件：主义、事件、革命......老实说我甚至不明白为什么非商业的西方人也来中国。如果反过来的话，我认为中国人不会对这样的国家感兴趣。
2、大多数都喜欢日本的流行/青年文化。对流行文化熟悉之后，他们可能也会对其他方面感兴趣。
3、中国在那些领域貌似很稀缺。另外，中国的文化元素通常不会被翻译为英语或其他外语。而日本卡通动画和视频游戏都有翻译。
4、在过去，西方国家对于能够抵抗西方殖民的文化都很着迷。这就是喜爱日本文化的开端。中国也抵抗的不错，但是有一段时期中国内部处于糟糕的状态，让中国文化戴上了衰败文化的帽子。当然自从中国开始高速发展以后这一切都改变了，很多外国人也为中国文化着迷。日本的高速发展也为它赢回了很多外国人的倾心。首先日本是个彻底封闭不可知的国家，而且非常传统——50年后日本变得非常强大。二战之后日本也经历了一段糟糕的时光，但是之后又变成了一个经济强国。这会获得羡慕并激发人们的兴趣。
5、在外国人眼中这不是日本或中国二选一的问题。我喜欢很多日本的事物，同时也喜欢中国的东西——比如我喜欢中国动作片，也喜欢日本动作片；中国和日本的食物我都喜欢。我也喜欢阅读两国的历史。虽然我并不喜欢日本的卡通或动画。日本在近代跟外国文化紧密联系的时间要比中国长得多。就在20年前中国还是个迷之国度。在未来中国文化会获得更多关注，但是因为已经有了良好开端，日本文化能够限制很多非东亚人口对另一个东亚文化的兴趣。
6、我猜是由于日本的非主流文化和大部分人的做事方式，比起中国文化更加奇特和异国风情。我想说日本人所作的一切往往比较极端。无论是好的还是坏的，过于极端便是不切实际和事倍功半。在中国和西方国家，人们倾向于中庸之道，这就是日本与众不同的原因，所以让人觉得很有意思......拿一个老例子来说：日本人旧时自杀是进行切腹仪式。西方国家和中国也会有人自杀，但自杀方式并不是一个传统，也没那样震撼，更不是“高逼格文化”的一部分。在我们国家如果一个高官或者一个军官犯错，他们就不会把刀捅到胃里，而是让刽子手或一个好朋友用刀把头砍下来。这只是一个简单得例子，但它告诉我们对待事情的差异化甚至使中国看起来与西方国家相似。
7、这并不是在两个国家间的选择：中国和日本在今天及近代史中的关系是有问题的。但是大多数外国人并不希望选择任何一方，可能只是希望将来有一天中日会握手言和。对我来说，我喜欢日本的很多东西，并且与日本人相处地不错。同时我也认为日本人应当为战争罪行道歉，他们不这么做是可耻的。
小编点评：我们要有清醒的认知，中国文化在西方还是小众文化，是有一些人喜欢中餐、中国电影，但数量还是太少，中国电影在美国上映，经常总票房只有几万美元！目前中国文化的突破口是东南亚和非洲，中国的影视剧、网络小说在东南亚接受度最高。非洲，因为比较贫穷，世界主流文化还没深刻影响到非洲，我们应该加大向非洲输出电影电视剧等，尤其是现代剧！在前期别总想着赚钱，希望国家能够对影视剧、小说的输出提供补贴！
世界主流文化影响力分级：美国第1级；日本、英国第2极；法国、德国、意大利、俄罗斯第3级；中国、西班牙、韩国、印度第4级。
日本网友问，为何这么多中国人相信日本人、文化和语言来自中国？
日本与中国是一衣带水的邻国关系，其文化深受中华文化影响，比如日语、茶道、花道等。这些具有日本代表性的事物都是从古代中国流传过去，后被日本人成功发扬光大，举世闻名。在海外问答网站Quora上，日本网友问：为什么这么多中国人愿意相信日本人、文化和语言来自中国？这引起了很大的争议，我们看看各国网友的回答。
问题
海外网友Gifford Delle的回答
Almost everything in Japanese culture originates from China in some way, from Chinese characters to sushi, kimono and Buddhism; All this can be traced back to more than 2000 years ago.
日本文化中几乎所有的东西都以某种方式源自中国，从汉字到寿司、和服和佛教；这一切都可以追溯到2000多年前。
The relationship between Chinese and Japanese cultures has existed for nearly 2000 years, and the impact of this connection is still there. As the older and more mature of the two civilizations, Chinese culture has had a huge impact on almost all aspects of Japanese life. You can see the influence of Chinese culture on Japanese culture in many ways.
中日文化之间的关系已经存在了近2000年，这种联系的影响至今仍在。作为两种文明中更古老和成熟的一方，中国文化几乎对日本生活的各个方面都产生了巨大影响。你可以从很多方面看到中国文化对日本文化的影响。
语言/language
When the two civilizations first met, the Japanese characters had not yet taken shape. Therefore, when the two cultures met, the Japanese adopted Chinese characters, which made the exchange between empires possible. Over the centuries, the writing styles of these two cultures have undergone great changes, so that they are now unique.
当两个文明首次相遇时，日语文字还没有成形。因此，当两种文化相遇时，日本人采用了汉字，从而使帝国之间的交流成为可能。几个世纪以来，这两种文化的写作风格都发生了很大的变化，以至于现在都是独一无二的。
宗教/religion
Because Japan does not have its own organized religion, when the two cultures meet, Buddhism and Confucianism form a strong attraction to Japan. Although many people in Japan still follow their ancient Shinto faith, there are still a large number of Buddhist believers in Japan today. Even in the local Shinto practice, the art of building permanent shrines and temples also comes from Chinese Buddhism.
由于日本没有自己的有组织的宗教，当两种文化相遇时，佛教和儒家对日本形成了强烈的吸引力。尽管日本的许多人仍然遵循他们古老的神道教信仰，但今天仍有大量佛教信徒在日本。即使在本土的神道教实践中，建造永久神社和寺庙的艺术也来自于中国的佛教。
官僚系统/Bureaucratic system
Although both countries had imperial government in the past, the Mikado of Japan adopted many advantages of the Chinese bureaucracy, including various titles, grades and official functions. The first form of their constitution was influenced by the more centralized and organized government in ancient China.
尽管两国过去都有朝廷形式的政府，但日本天皇采纳了中国官僚体系的许多优点，包括各种头衔、等级和官方职能。他们宪法的第一种形式受到了中国古代政府更加集权和组织化的影响。
建筑学/architecture
With the introduction of Buddhism into Japan, the practice of building exquisite temples also rose. With this development, other buildings began to adopt more complex forms, including larger rooms and internal courtyards. The classic arc roof style is definitely influenced by China and can still be seen in all parts of Japan today.
随着佛教传入日本，建造精致寺庙的做法也随之兴起。随着这一发展，其他建筑开始采用更复杂的形式，包括更大的房间和内部庭院。经典的弧形屋顶风格肯定来自中国的影响，今天在日本各地仍然可见。
城市规划/city planning
The urban planning method in ancient China involves organizing urban roads into regular rectangles for navigation and communication. You can see that this concept has been applied in Japanese cities such as Kyoto and Nara. Even farmland and irrigation systems have begun to use this organized and efficient system.
中国古代的城市规划方法涉及将城市道路组织成规则的矩形，以便于导航和沟通，你可以看到这一概念在日本城市如京都和奈良得到了应用。即使是农田和灌溉系统也开始使用这种有组织和高效的系统。
艺术/Art
With the introduction of Buddhist monks and temples, a new artistic style emerged at the historic moment. The entire art world in Japan has incorporated many Chinese elements in various times. Painting and sculpture were developed to show Buddhist concepts, which affected the whole artistic scene. During the Nara period, it was very popular to paint on exquisite paper with Chinese ink, including many forms of decorative scrolls. The practice of calligraphy as an art medium also came to Japan.
随着佛教僧侣和寺庙的传入，新的艺术风格应运而生，日本的整个艺术世界在各个时代都融入了许多中国元素。绘画和雕塑是为了展示佛教观念而发展起来的，这影响了整个艺术场景。在奈良时期，用中国墨水在精美的纸上作画非常流行，包括许多形式的装饰卷轴。书法作为一种艺术媒介的实践也来到了日本。
Other forms of art, including the masked opera called Gigaku, come from China, and so do the Gagaku court dance.
其他形式的艺术，包括被称为Gigaku的蒙面剧，来自中国，Gagaku宫廷舞蹈也是如此。
音乐/Music
The music world is deeply influenced by China, partly because of the introduction of new music styles, but also by the influence of new musical instruments. As part of Buddhist rituals, different forms of bells, gongs and jingles were introduced into Japan, and these new sounds soon became popular music at that time. This is most obvious in kabuki music style.
音乐世界深受中国的影响，部分原因是引入了新的音乐风格，但也受到了新乐器的影响。作为佛教仪式的一部分，不同形式的钟、锣和响叮当声传入日本，这些新的声音很快成为当时流行的音乐。这在歌舞伎音乐风格中最为明显。
服装/Clothing
Although kimono seems to be a typical Japanese costume, its inspiration comes from China in the Han Dynasty. Ironically, the clothing styles of both countries have been further influenced by western styles, so that traditional clothing is becoming more and more uncommon.
虽然和服似乎是典型的日本服装，但它的灵感来源于汉代的中国。具有讽刺意味的是，这两个国家的服装风格都受到了西方风格的进一步影响，以至于传统服装越来越不常见。
So we can say that Japanese culture does not come from China. On the contrary, Chinese culture reshaped Japanese culture in ancient times. Japanese culture exuded a strong Chinese flavor, and then formed the prototype of modern Japanese culture.
所以我们可以说，日本文化并非来自中国。相反，中国文化在古代重塑了日本文化，日本文化散发着浓郁的中国香味，然后形成了现代日本文化的原型。
日本网友Mona Yunita的回答
I am not a historian or an expert in East Asian history. So my answer may be a little inaccurate. The most appropriate answer to this question is "Chinese centralism".
我不是历史学家或东亚历史专家。所以我的回答可能有点不准确。这个问题最合适的答案是“中国中心主义”。
For thousands of years, Chinese people have always regarded themselves as the center of the world, the cradle of civilization and the country of culture. They believe that people living outside their own fields are barbaric, barbaric, uncivilized and uneducated.
几千年来，中国人一直认为自己是世界的中心、文明的摇篮、文化的国度。他们认为生活在自己领域之外的人是野蛮、野蛮、未开化和未受教育的。
The Chinese have indeed invented many ingenious inventions. They also discovered many scientific phenomena, some of which were not known to the western world until the Renaissance and the Enlightenment. However, the Chinese people at that time did not know that their China-centric ideology was slowly engulfing them from inside.
中国人确实发明了许多巧妙的发明。他们还发现了许多科学现象，其中一些直到文艺复兴和启蒙时代才为西方世界所知。然而，当时的中国人并不知道他们的中国中心主义思想正在从内部慢慢吞噬他们。
In the Han, Tang, Song and Ming dynasties, Chinese civilization reached the golden age. As China is the most powerful country in the region, its culture will naturally be exported to other countries with close relations with China. We can see the same thing happening today. American culture has influenced and shaped a friendly country. South Korea and the Philippines are typical examples.
在汉、唐、宋、明三代，中国文明达到了黄金时代。由于中国是该地区最强大的国家，其文化自然会被输出到与中国关系密切的其他国家。我们今天可以看到同样的事情发生。美国文化影响并塑造了对她友好的国家。韩国和菲律宾就是典型的例子。
It is not uncommon for Japanese to adapt to foreign culture (or any good culture). In fact, this seems to be the essence of Japanese society. But we must remember that, unlike many other countries, the Japanese not only adapt, but also improve and modify the elements that are beneficial to them.
对日本人来说，适应外国文化（或任何好的文化）并不罕见。事实上，这似乎是日本社会的本质。但我们必须记住的一点是，与许多其他国家不同，日本人不仅适应，而且还改进和修改对他们有益的元素。
Take garden architecture as an example. Chinese gardens were introduced to Japan in the 11th century. The Japanese not only adapted to this, but also modified the concept and added some local elements to it. The final result is a Zen garden - a miniature garden that mimics the nature of nature. Imitating the nature or capturing the beauty of nature is the core concept of Chinese garden. So we can see here that the Japanese have built a better or unique garden on the basis of Chinese elements.
以花园建筑为例。中国式花园大约在11世纪传入日本。日本人不仅适应了这一点，还修改了这一概念，并在其中加入了一些本地元素。最终的结果是禅宗花园——一个模仿自然本质的微型花园。模仿自然的本质或捕捉自然的美是中国式园林的核心理念。所以我们可以在这里看到，日本人在中国元素的基础上建造了一个更好或最独特的花园。
It is not only the garden architecture, paper art (including origami or origami), food, etc., that are imported into Japan. The Japanese finally make them better. Origami is another good example. The origami art was first invented by the Chinese, the inventor of paper. But the Chinese only used this art when making simple paper products for the dead. However, when this art was introduced into Japan, they developed and developed it, making this once simple art become a complex and fascinating origami art. It is the Japanese who have made this exquisite art better and become world-famous.
不仅仅是园林建筑、纸艺（包括折纸或折纸）、食品等都被进口到日本，日本人最终使这些变得更好。折纸是另一个很好的例子。折纸艺术最早是由纸的发明者中国人发明的。但中国人只在为死者制作简单的纸制品时使用了这种艺术。然而，当这种艺术被引进日本时，他们发展并发扬了它，使这种曾经简单的艺术变成了一种复杂而迷人的折纸艺术。正是日本人把这种精致的艺术做得更好，全球闻名。
折纸艺术
What do I mean? In my opinion, Japan has indeed borrowed many elements from Chinese culture. Many seemingly unique Japanese elements originate from China. However, many Chinese are unwilling to admit that the Japanese are doing better than them. This is like the fable of grapes and foxes. The Chinese can't achieve the achievements of the Japanese, but they soon infer that the Japanese are not as good as the Chinese, and their achievements are only the shadow of China's greatness. This mentality is the main reason why many Chinese believe that everything comes from China.
我的意思是什么？我的观点是，日本确实从中国文化中借鉴了很多元素。许多看起来独特的日本元素都源自中国。但是，许多中国人不愿承认日本人做得比他们好。这就像葡萄和狐狸的寓言，中国人无法实现日本人所取得的成就，但他们很快就推断出日本人不如中国人，他们的成就只是中国伟大的影子。这种心态是许多中国人认为一切都来自中国的主要原因。
日本网友To run Shimojima的回答
Because this is partly correct. Just like when the United States is the most powerful country in the world, many students will study abroad and study American history, civil structure, history, technology, natural language, and some cultures, such as music and movies, in the United States. This is very similar to how Britain's food, language, football, fashion taste and food spread around the world when Britain was the strongest country, or how France became the popular upper-class noble language and dominated the European fashion industry when France was the strongest country.
因为这是不分正确的。就像当美国是世界上最强大的国家时，许多学生会出国留学，在美国学习美国的历史、公民结构、历史、技术、自然语言，以及一些文化，如音乐、电影。这与英国是最强的国家时，英国的食物、语言、足球、时尚品味、食物如何在世界各地传播，或者法国是最强国家期间，如何成为流行的上层贵族语言，并在欧洲时尚界占据主导地位非常相似。
In ancient times, China was the most dominant and advanced country in the Far East. Therefore, this is very common to Japan, which is unique, but it must be because its advance personnel came to China to study. If you look back on the relationship between the Tang Dynasty and Japan, there is a special person, the Tang envoy, Kent ō Sh, this is a special status for smart Japanese missionaries, who came to the Tang Dynasty with efforts to learn Chinese culture and civilization.
在古代，中国是远东地区最具统治力和最先进的国家。因此，这对日本来说是很常见的，这是独特的，但肯定是因为它的先遣人员到中国学习，如果你回顾唐朝和日本的关系，有一个特殊的人，遣唐使, Kentōsh，这是给聪明的日本传教士的特殊地位，带着学习中国文化和文明的努力来到了唐朝。
If you look at some traditional Japanese arts, crafts, fabrics and makeup, you will find many things similar to ancient Chinese art. In a sense, the Japanese also learned from the writing system of China and the civil system and built it into their own writing system. Unifying the nation is more effective than unifying the language. Mountains and rivers often cause division, leading people to develop different dialects and customs. Once different writing develops, it will eventually lead to different cultural identity, and the common writing system allows systematic teaching and unifies the fragmented territory.
如果你看看日本的一些传统艺术、工艺、布料、化妆，你会发现很多与中国古代艺术相似的东西。从某种意义上讲，日本人也借鉴了中国和民事体系的书写体系，并将其打造成自己的书写体系，统一民族比统一语言更有效。高山大河经常造成分裂，导致人们发展出不同的方言、风俗习惯，一旦不同的书写发展起来，最终导致不同的文化认同，而共同的书写系统允许系统的教学，并将碎片领土统一在一起。
This cultural borrowing/learning continues in the world. If you look at the Japanese system after Meiji, it will become more influential in the West, although it also has its own identity.
这种文化借用/学习在世界上仍在继续，如果你看看明治之后的日本制度，它会变得更具西方影响因素，尽管它也有自己的身份。
Chinese people can also say that after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China adopted Chinese tunics, or woolen clothing, which is absolutely unique, but it is so different from traditional Chinese clothing and very similar to western clothing. You can be sure that the concept of suits comes from the West.
中国人也可以这样说，在清朝倒台后，民国采用了中山装，或毛装，这绝对是独一无二的，但它与传统的中国服装是如此的不同，与西方服装非常相似，你可以肯定地说，西装的理念来自西方。
日本网友Nodashi的回答
If you are affected by three factors like Chinese people, it is easy to understand.
如果你像中国人一样受到三个因素的影响，这很容易理解。
The first is ancient legends, because people do not always believe in facts, but believe in their own judgments, which may be distorted by others. Some stories, especially unofficial history, are widely spread. For example, in the Qin Dynasty, Emperor Qin Shihuang sent 3000 boys and girls to a remote island, which is said to be Japan, in search of a kind of herb that can make mankind immortal. These stories may not be true, but they have been passed down from generation to generation in books or media. If someone grows up listening to this story, he or she will have the impression that the Japanese and their culture are rooted in China.
第一种是古代传说，因为人们并不总是相信事实，而是相信自己的判断，而这种判断可能会被他人扭曲。一些故事，特别是非官方历史流传甚广。比如在秦朝时期，秦始皇派遣了三千名童男童女到一个遥远的岛屿，据说那里就是日本，寻找一种使人类不朽的药草。这些故事可能不是真的，但已经在书中或媒体上被一代又一代地传承下来。如果有人在听这个故事长大，他或她会有这样的印象：日本人和他们的文化的根在我们中国。
The second factor is the historical record. The Japanese came to China and learned social system and culture during the prosperous Tang Dynasty. More importantly, these are written in the textbooks of middle schools. So every Chinese in the compulsory education stage of middle schools knows that some Japanese came to study to improve their homeland long ago. Through a point of view, Japanese architecture, painting and books, as well as the time of building construction, painting and book writing, all conform to historical theory. However, to be fair, historical records cannot prove that Japanese culture actually comes from China, and sometimes it is misled by the judgments of the people mentioned above.
第二个因素是历史记录，日本人在盛唐时期来到中国并学习了社会制度、文化等。更重要的是，这些都写在中学课本上，所以每一个中国人在中学义务教育阶段，他们就知道很久以前，一些日本人为了改善自己的家园而来学习。通过一点，日本的建筑、绘画和书籍以及建筑建造、绘画和写书的时间都符合历史理论。然而，公平地说，历史记录并不能证明日本文化实际上来自中国，有时会被前面提到的人们的判断所误导。
Finally, every Chinese has a sense of national pride. It is common in any other country or within any other ethnic group, but it will take some time to understand. Because China has such a rich culture, especially thousands of years ago, we Chinese people are very proud of it. If other cultures have some similarities, it may come from us. It's no big deal, just makes us feel good. This kind of good feeling makes Chinese people feel proud again.
最后，每个中国人都有民族自豪感。在任何其他国家或任何其他民族内部都很常见，但需要一段时间才能理解。由于中国拥有如此丰富的文化，特别是在几千年前，我们中国人对它感到非常自豪，如果其他文化有一些相似之处，它可能来自我们，没什么大不了的，只是让我们感觉良好。这种良好的感觉再次让中国人感到自豪。
外国网友:比起中国, 为什么外国人更喜欢日本?
新闻来源: 知识万物 于2023-07-16
https://www.6parknews.com/newspark/view.php?app=news&act=view&nid=616407
我们如果对日本加以蔑视和不以为然的话，我们一定会吃大亏。日本现在不仅仅是世界第三经济强国，更是一个隐藏极深的军事大国，任何对日本的轻视都将是最大的失误，而日本的国际宣传做很好，日本的国际形象位居首位，在国际社会看来，日本人谦逊，守礼，文明，安全。却不知他们知小礼而无大义。外国网友问：为什么在外国人眼里，比起中国他们更喜欢日本？我们看看各国网友的观点。
海外网友莫林特的回答
This is the result of multiple factors working together, but most importantly, the Japanese are better at promoting their culture than the Chinese.
这是多种因素共同作用的结果，但最重要的是，日本人比中国人更善于推广他们的文化。
In January, my roommate went to Berlin to attend a Culture of Japan Festival. As a super fan of Culture of Japan, she invited a less interested friend to go with her. They returned with excited smiles. The girl who went with her commented that she had never thought 'it would be so interesting.'
一月份，我的室友去柏林参加了一个日本文化节。作为日本文化的超级粉丝，她邀请了一位不太感兴趣的朋友和她一起去。他们兴奋地笑着回来了。和她一起去的女孩评论说，她从未想过“会这么有趣。”
My Spanish pen pal was made by me during my university years and has been in touch since I first wrote a letter as a Chinese Western combination. She visited China in 2014 and went to Japan after her honeymoon. From 2014 to 2018, she traveled to Japan every year. Recently, she told me that she will stay in Japan for another month in the spring, but this time it's not "sightseeing, we only plan to stay there for one month
我的西班牙笔友是我在大学期间交的，从第一次以中西合璧的身份给我写信以来一直保持联系。她于2014年访问了中国，并在蜜月后前往日本。从2014年到2018年，她每年都会去日本旅行，最近她告诉我，春天她将在日本再呆一个月，但这次不是“观光，我们只打算在那里住一个月。”
In 2010, I lived abroad in Japan for one semester myself. That was almost 8 years ago, but deep down in my heart, I always wanted to go back, as if something was calling me.
2010年，我自己在日本国外住了一个学期。那差不多是8年前的事了，但在我内心深处，我一直想回去，好像有什么东西在呼唤我。
Overall, Japan is clean and orderly, and people are known for their politeness and respect. On the other hand, China is undergoing a painful transition from a developing country to a developed country. Chinese tourists do not have a good reputation outside of China, let alone they are struggling with pollution.
总的来说，日本干净、有序，人们以礼貌和尊重著称。另一方面，中国正在经历从发展中国家向发达国家的痛苦过渡。中国游客在中国以外的地方没有很好的声誉，更不用说他们正与污染作斗争了。
The Japanese people have never stopped showcasing their culture in new forms. For example, the Japanese elements in Japanese anime are deeply ingrained, they are not abrupt, but you will appreciate their existence. China is also striving to promote Chinese culture worldwide, but the script has hardly changed. I can't think of a new cultural product that can better reveal Chinese culture in recent years.
日本人民从未停止以新的形式展示他们的文化。例如，日本动漫中的日本元素根深蒂固，它们并不突兀，但你会欣赏它们的存在。中国也在努力在世界范围内推广中国文化，但剧本几乎没有改变。试着说出近年来一种能更好地揭示中国文化的新文化产品，我想不出一种。
Japanese products are known for their quality, while Chinese products are known for their quantity.
日本产品以质量著称，中国产品以数量著称。
People generally believe that Japanese food is both healthy and fashionable. Chinese takeout is very delicious! Girls post their filtered Japanese lunches on Instagram. Unfortunately, no one would do such a thing for pancakes and fried noodles from street vendors. (However, I insist that they are commendable!)
人们普遍认为日本食品既健康又时尚。中国外卖很好吃！女孩们在Instagram上发布她们过滤后的日本午餐。遗憾的是，没有人会从街头小贩那里为炒饼炒面做这种事。（不过，我坚持认为它们值得称赞！）
There are quite a few good Chinese restaurants in Berlin, but the brand of the restaurant is very unsightly. Are you serious? The interior decoration is usually very rough. In contrast, I prefer the style of the places in Japan that I often visit, and since I don't read Japanese, I can't detect if their names are equally ugly.
柏林的中餐馆有挺多不错的食物，但餐馆的牌子却很难看。说真的吗？内部装饰通常也很粗糙。相比之下，我更喜欢我经常去的日本地方的风格，而且由于我不读日语，我无法发现它们的名字是否也同样丑陋。
People seem to prefer Culture of Japan to Chinese culture, which does not mean that Chinese culture itself is inferior to Culture of Japan. I may be biased, but I do believe that Chinese culture is much more than what he showcases.
人们似乎更喜欢日本文化而不是中国文化，这并不意味着中国文化本身就不如日本文化。我可能带有偏见，但我确实相信，中华文化比他展示的东西多得多。
Culture of Japan is consistent. It is easier to focus on and create brands. They are continuing to create more brands. Chinese culture is more diverse, and so far, almost every attempt they make has been an ambitious' combination '. But if you want to take everything, you are destined to lose something.
日本文化是一贯的，更容易关注和打造品牌，他们在继续制造更多的品牌。中国文化更加多元，到目前为止，他们所做的几乎每一次尝试都是雄心勃勃的“兼而有之”。可如果你想囊括一切，你注定会失去一些东西。
Imagine ourselves as salespeople. The Chinese department clearly needs a clearer cultural promotion supervisor to understand what they want and develop better marketing strategies accordingly.
把我们自己想象成销售人员。中国部门显然需要一个更清晰的文化推广主管来了解他们想要什么，并相应地制定更好的营销策略。
美国网友查理斯的回答
For foreigners? The foreign countries here actually mean the United States and any country deeply influenced by American media.
对于外国人来说？这里的外国，实际上意味着美国和任何深受美国媒体影响的国家。
After the war, the United States participated heavily in Japan's daily management. They attempted to irreversibly link Japan and the United States economically through large loans and favorable trade agreements. They also export important parts of American culture (such as baseball) to Japan through their own presence and imports.
战后，美国大量参与了日本的日常管理。他们试图通过大额贷款和有利的贸易协议，在经济上不可逆转地将日本与美国联系在一起。他们还通过自己的存在和进口将美国文化的重要部分出口到日本（比如棒球）。
This played a significant role, and by the 1980s, Japan was considered a prosperous economy. It is also a source of a large number of electronic products and consumer goods exported to the United States and other regions of the world. In addition, some cliches of their culture are exported together with Nintendo and Personal stereo. Culture of Japan is considered "cool". People are creative and work hard. Most of them may have been severely distorted, but people still feel that they understand Japan.
这起到了很大的作用，到了20世纪80年代，日本被认为是一个繁荣的经济体。它也是出口到美国和世界其他地区的大量电子产品和消费品的来源。此外，他们文化的一些陈词滥调与任天堂和随身听一起被输出。日本文化被认为很“酷”，人们富有创造力，努力工作。其中大部分可能被严重歪曲了，但人们仍然觉得他们了解日本。
On the other hand, in the first decades of the past, China has been regarded as a Communist state, and the isolation policy means that the voice of the Chinese people in the world is against it. The desire for wealth in the early stages of development led to the production of a large number of low-quality goods, which is the only basis for many people to judge China. China is still being demonized to some extent.
另一方面，在过去最初的几十年里，中国一直被视为一个共产主义国家，孤立政策意味着国际上中国人难以发出声音来。发展初期对富裕的渴望导致了大量低质量商品的生产，对许多人来说，这是他们评判中国的唯一依据。中国仍然在某种程度上被妖魔化了。
After China gradually became stronger, those who supported Western foreign policy disliked China even more because China would not yield to the United States in Southeast Asia or similar matters. China supports governments that do not bow to US foreign policy in their region or anywhere else. Those who support Western foreign policy (which I call imperialism) oppose China because China will not accept Western orders to defend itself and other countries that cannot defend itself.
在中国逐渐强大起来之后，支持西方外交政策的人更讨厌中国，因为中国不会在东南亚或诸如此类的事情上向美国屈服。中国支持那些不向美国在其地区或其他任何地方的外交政策低头的政府。那些支持西方外交政策（我称之为帝国主义）的人反对中国，因为中国不会接受西方的命令，为自己和其他不能为自己辩护的国家辩护。
For this reason, Japan is more popular because its government openly supports Western decisions and follows the Western line in certain matters, such as the largest presence of the United States in Asia, at least verbally supporting every war of the United States, supporting sanctions against the "regime" and decisions that Western governments do not like (sanctions against Russia), and so on.
出于这个原因，日本更受欢迎，因为它的政府公开支持西方的决定，并在某些事情上遵循西方路线，例如美国在整个亚洲最大的存在，至少口头上支持美国的每一场战争，支持对“政权”的制裁和西方政府不喜欢的决定（制裁俄罗斯），等等。
德国网友德雷克福特的回答From the stereotypes of Western Europeans:
从西欧人的刻板印象来看：
The Japanese were the Nazis in Asia before World War II. In those days, we obviously preferred Chinese people over Japanese people (unless you were a Nazi).
日本人在第二次世界大战及之前是亚洲的纳粹。在那些日子里，我们显然更喜欢中国人而不是日本人（除非你是纳粹分子）。
Strangely, they still look a bit like Germans in Asia because their products are considered expensive but of high quality. China is still largely associated with cheap goods - whether reasonable or not.
奇怪的是，他们现在仍然有点像亚洲的德国人，因为他们的产品被认为很贵，但质量上乘。中国在很大程度上仍然与廉价商品联系在一起——无论是否合理。
Japan is considered innocent. China is considered dirty. Traveling Japanese people are considered cultured and polite. Chinese travelers are rude upstarts who doodle on ancient monuments.
日本被认为是清白的。中国被认为是肮脏的。旅行的日本人被认为是有文化和礼貌的。旅行的中国人是在古代纪念碑上写涂鸦的粗鲁暴发户。
Japan has many cultural aspects that are well exported around the world. Movies, especially animations.
日本有许多文化方面在世界各地都有很好的出口。电影，尤其是动画。
To a large extent, the mainstream Chinese film culture only has kung fu; Derivative and repetitive, with almost no international appeal.
中国主流电影文化在很大程度上只有功夫；衍生和重复，几乎没有国际吸引力。
But that's how it is now. In a few years, the situation may be vastly different, and things are changing at an astonishing rate.
但现在就是这样。几年后，情况可能会大不相同，事情正在以惊人的速度变化。
But for myself, I have been to China and Japan. Our whole family has been on vacation in Japan recently. Japan is very good, it is clean, safe, and the food is good. Many temples are made of wooden structures and are very beautiful.
但就我本身来说，我去过中国和日本。最近我们全家在日本度假。日本很好，它干净，安全，食物很好。许多寺庙都是木结构，非常漂亮。
However, there are several things I prefer about China: the food is too monotonous, and there is no Japanese food variety that can be compared to the Chinese food scene.
然而，有几件事我更喜欢中国：食物太单调了，根本没有日本食物的种类可以与中国的食物场景相比。
People are not as helpful as Chinese people. I am traveling with my wife and two children (aged 6 and 2). Sometimes when we travel by train/subway, we have several pieces of luggage. Therefore, at a nearby train station without an elevator, I had to have my wife go upstairs and live with the children. I had to walk back and forth several times on the flight to move all our luggage.
日本不像中国人那样乐于助人。我和我的妻子以及两个小孩（6岁和2岁）一起旅行。有时我们坐火车/地铁旅行，我们有好几件行李。因此，在附近没有电梯的火车站上，我不得不让妻子上楼和孩子们住在一起，我不得不在航班上来回走几次，才能搬动我们所有的行李。
No one, actually no one has provided help. The same applies to local trains. The train was filled with people, and if we didn't have seats, we would have to stand there holding our children. No one has ever given us a seat. I'm not saying that someone must give up their seats for us/or our toddlers and mothers. But this is in stark contrast to our experience in China. In the subway, people always give up their seats to toddlers/mothers.
没有人，实际上没有人提供过帮助。当地火车也是如此。火车上坐满了人，如果我们没有座位，我们就不得不站在那里抱着孩子。从来没有人给我们让座。我并不是说有人必须为我们/或蹒跚学步的孩子和妈妈让座。但这与我们在中国的经历形成了鲜明对比。在地铁里，每次都有人把座位让给蹒跚学步的孩子/妈妈。
法国网友哈姆森的回答
Like others, I believe that 'foreigners' refer to non Chinese and non Japanese people.
和其他人一样，我认为“外国人”指的是非中国人和非日本人。
Many people have shared great ideas! It's really interesting to read and understand how our own culture and knowledge influence our perspectives. I think as a French person, my views may differ greatly from what I have read, so let me share my views.
许多人分享了很棒的想法！阅读并了解我们自己的文化和知识如何影响我们的观点真的很有趣。我觉得作为一个法国人，我的观点可能与我所读到的大相径庭，所以让我来谈谈我的观点。
Firstly, I would like to make it clear that although my university degrees were in Mandarin, Chinese culture, history, art, and literature, I have never lived in Japan and have not delved into Japanese culture. Therefore, I only wish to report some facts that I have seen or lived in while experiencing Japanese and Chinese culture.
首先，我想明确一点，虽然我在大学的学位是普通话、中国文化、历史、艺术和文学，但我从未在日本生活过，也没有深入研究过日本的文化，所以我只希望报告我在体验日本和中国文化时所看到或生活的一些事实。
Many people here comment on the dirty hygiene, lifestyle, and thoughtlessness of the Chinese people, while in Japan, the opposite is true. Have you ever tried to understand the reasons behind the habit of Chinese people spitting everywhere?
这里的许多人评论中国人肮脏的卫生、生活方式和对他人的不体贴，而在日本则恰恰相反。你有没有试过了解某些中国人随地吐痰这一习惯背后的原因？
I believe that if you stay there for a period of time, you will understand. Have you ever woken up feeling your throat or nose blocked by pollution? In many countries, when our noses are blocked, we just... blow paper towels on our noses, right? I remember a Chinese friend explaining to me that in traditional Chinese medicine, clearing the throat and spitting everywhere are considered more beneficial to health than blowing the nose! I don't know if this is true, but it may explain some things. In Japan, as far as I recall, blowing your nose or spitting in public is not appropriate, as it makes people around you more comfortable.
我相信，如果你在那里住一段时间，你就会明白。你有没有醒来时感觉喉咙或鼻子因为污染而堵塞？在许多国家，当我们的鼻子被堵住时，我们只是…拿纸巾吹鼻子，对吧？我记得一位中国朋友向我解释说，在传统中医中，清嗓子和随地吐痰被认为比吹鼻子更有益健康！我不知道这是不是真的，但这可能解释了一些事情。而在日本，据我回忆，在公共场合吹鼻子或随地吐痰是不合适的，这会让周围的人更舒服。
Japan's soft power has been carefully considered and developed, and is a true art. They actually output certain aspects of their rich culture (comics, anime, music, philosophy of life, food, etc.), but do not excessively showcase their "real life"! Japan has a lovely part that controls exoticism, which many "foreigners" like. With their pleasant manners, you never know if they really respect or mock you. Do you feel deeply accepted in Japan? This is a real problem because I haven't encountered such a lucky person yet.
日本的软实力是经过深思熟虑和发展的，是一门真正的艺术。他们实际上输出了他们丰富文化的某些方面（漫画、动漫、音乐、生活哲学、美食等），却没有过多地展示他们的“真实生活”！日本有一个可爱的部分，控制异国情调，许多“外国人”喜欢。有了他们令人愉快的礼貌，可你永远不知道他们是否真的尊重或嘲笑你。你有没有觉得自己在日本被深深地接受了？这是一个真正的问题，因为我还没有遇到这样幸运的人。
In China, people do not feel embarrassed by these boring things, they hardly greet a stranger, and sometimes even behave rudely... from the perspective of a foreigner. Japanese polite behavior may be more enjoyable for us because they are more Westernized and obedient to others. So I fully understand why some people feel better living in Japan or China. I just personally prefer the behavior of Chinese people, and I think they are more sincere in their relationships. Regarding China's soft power... I must say they should work hard. Many Chinese people do not understand my interest in their extremely rich culture, but are willing to promote it.
在中国，人们不会因为这些无聊的事而感到尴尬，他们几乎不会问候一个陌生的异国人，有时甚至会表现得很粗鲁…从外国人的角度来看。日本人的礼貌行为对我们来说可能更令人愉快，因为他们更西化，待人顺从。所以我完全理解为什么有些人在日本或中国生活会感觉更好，我只是个人更喜欢中国人的行为，我觉得他们在关系中更真诚。关于中国的软实力……我必须说他们应该努力。许多中国人不理解我对他们极其丰富的文化的兴趣，但很乐意推广它。
However, please do not forget that we believe that many things about Japanese culture and history actually come from China. Yes, they have comics, music, philosophy of life, cuisine, and so on. For many years, the Japanese people have adapted them to their own culture, but I believe this is not a "detail" that should be forgotten.
然而，请不要忘记，我们认为在文化和历史上日本人的许多东西实际上来自中国，是的，他们有漫画、音乐、生活哲学、美食等。多年来，日本人民将它们适应了自己的文化，但我认为这不是一个应该被遗忘的“细节”。
As someone said, it's very smart! The United States' view of Japan must have played an important role in promoting this "clean, polite, smooth, and cultured" Japanese concept. As we all know, the United States does not like Socialist state so much, so it is not surprising that they prefer Japan, so they got all the help. Nowadays, China seems to not accept all the rules set by Americans.
正如有人所说，它非常聪明！美国对日本的看法一定在促成这种“干净、礼貌、圆滑、有文化”的日本观念方面发挥了重要作用。众所周知，美国并不那么喜欢社会主义国家，所以他们更喜欢日本也就不足为奇了，因此他们得到了所有的帮助。如今，中国似乎不接受美国人制定的所有规则。
My final idea is that although we may prefer one country over another, it is important not to forget to try to understand other cultures, live there, not be arrogant, and then express personal opinions.
我最后的想法是，尽管我们可能更喜欢一个国家而不是另一个国家，但重要的是不要忘记尝试了解其他文化，在那里生活，不要傲慢，然后发表个人意见。
As for myself, I prefer living in China with its vast cultural and racial diversity, landscapes, cuisine, traditions, art (yes, they even have interesting modern art), humanity, history, architecture, and more, all of which are so rich and impressive!
就我自己而言，我更喜欢住在中国巨大的文化和种族多样性、景观、美食、传统、艺术（是的，他们甚至有有趣的现代艺术）、人性、历史，建筑等等都是如此丰富和令人印象深刻！
国际形象本身就是一个伪命题，美国形象并不好，但不妨碍美国纵横天下。嫌贫爱富就是人类的本性，国际社会也是一样。还有就是现在的日本在西方体系之下，唯美国是从，能给国际社会提供发展的平台和经济利益，军事威胁被彻底废除，是有利益无威胁的国家。而中国是一个主权大国，商品牢牢占据欧美的市场，军事力量日益强劲，危及美国地位和西方的利益。所以人畜无害的日本自然受到国际社会的欢迎。
