学无止境(15)——怎样掌握油温

老馋猫的烹饪笔记的学无止境系列是文学城私房小菜的创坛斑竹“老馋猫”在02年3月到02年7月以连载方式发表于文学城私房小菜论坛笔记
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学无止境(15)——怎样掌握油温

文章来源: 老馋猫 于 2002-4-10 6:49:00:

学无止境(15)——怎样掌握油温

烹制菜肴时,掌握好油温的火候十分重要。该用旺火的不能用文火,该用文火的也不要用急火。油的温度过高、过低对炒出来的菜的香味也有影响。特别是做油炸的菜肴,如油的温度过高,会使所炸的菜肴外焦里不熟;油的温度过低,所炸菜肴挂的浆、糊容易脱散,使菜肴不能酥脆。

一般炒菜,放油不太多,只要看锅冒烟,即可将菜下锅翻炒。炸菜肴时,锅内油多,又不好用温度计去测量油的温度,只能通过感观来进行判断。

锅里的油加热后,把要炸的食物放入油中,待沉入锅底,再浮上油面时,这时的油温大约是160°C,如果做拔丝菜,如拔丝山药、拔丝白薯、拔丝土豆,用这种油温的油炸比较合适。这时锅下的火应控制住,以能保持油温即可。

油加热以后,把食物放入油中,沉在油的中间再浮上油面,这种油的温度大约是170°C左右。用这种温度的油炸香酥鸡、香酥鸭比较合适,炸出的鸡、鸭,外焦里嫩。炸时,锅下的火也要控制住。

如果把要炸的食物放入油中不沉,这种油的温度大约达 190°C,比较适合炸各种含水分较少的菜肴,如:干炸带鱼、干炸黄鱼、干炸里脊等

关于十成油温
菜谱中对油温常有“几成”热的描述,我有个资料,对此做了详细的考证和论述,这里,我只把它的论证结果——十成油温华氏温标和摄氏温标之间的数学关系,给各位食友参考。

(华氏(Fahrenheit)=℃×9/5+32))

由于十成油温温标是属于厨师经验估测温度的标度方法,所以,其估测误差往往因人而异,一般允许有半成(±10—15℃)误差,又由于各种油脂的闪点不同,所以同一油脂的温度,对不同油脂是不同的。
这里只是给您个资料作为参考,烹饪的次数多了,有些经验后,就可以估计个大概了。但别把烹饪当做实验,一旦烹饪每次都用上了温度计,那您就太辛苦了,就没了烹饪的乐趣了。


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