“道”与“路”的故事(五)

中国是“道”的故乡,然而,很多源自中国的东西,最终没有走上康庄大“道”,反而停留在“术”的低级层面,甚至堕落成下三路。

比如茶叶,采茶种茶喝茶在中国延续了几千年,茶始终就是茶,喝茶也就是解渴。然而,茶,到了日本就成了茶道,日本人将喝茶这种生活消闲活动提升至精神意识层次,茶道成为一种体现“和、敬、清、寂”的生活哲学和佛学禅宗的一个文化元素。

茶,在它的故乡如今是个什么光景呢?你如果去杭州,看到遍地的龙井,千万小心。茶市的各种陷进各种套“路”防不胜防,如果想买到正宗的龙井,大概要先去一趟灵隐寺烧几支高香。

同样的情景在黄山、武夷山、福建和云南屡见不鲜。

日本人学去的不止茶,中国的武术如今只剩下表演的套路,在日本是实实在在的对抗:合气道,空手道。还有,插花成了花道,书法成了书道,舞剑成了剑道……

处于精神文化高端的“道”自然离不开基本的“术”,日本人的优点也正是体现在“术”的层面上踏踏实实的精益求精,日本的茶叶种类虽然单调,且基本上都是绿茶,但日本人在制茶工艺上不断改进创新,不但创造出各种风味的茶饮品,而且让茶叶超越了单纯的饮料,比如抹茶粉,已经成为食品加工和糕点工艺必不可少的自然添加剂。

前一阵,张小泉菜刀拍蒜断裂成了大新闻,有人马上说,德国的双立人也是啊,拍个蒜就断了。可有谁听过日本的刀拍蒜拍断了?

看过一个日本人制作刀具的视频,在一个工业化与科学高度发达的国家,仍然有许多工匠兢兢业业的一锤一锤手工锻打,千锤百炼,那种一丝不苟的工匠精神,其核心也是一个字:道。

 

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